posttranslational phosphorylation of HIF-1␣ and promotes the transcriptional activity of HIF-1 (Richard et Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) plays a central role al., 1999). According to a recent report, the hydroxylation in cellular adaptation to changes in oxygen availability. of asparagine (Asn803), located in the C-terminal trans-Recently, prolyl hydroxylation was identified as a key activ...

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a master transcription factor that controls transcriptional activation of a number of genes responsive to the low cellular oxygen tension, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), erythropoietin, and glycolytic enzymes. The stability and activity of HIF-1 are regulated by binding to various proteins such as pVHL, p53, and p300/CBP. Here, using t...

Numerous cellular responses to hypoxia are mediated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). HIF-1 plays a central role in the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Under certain conditions, HIF-1 may utilize feedforward mechanisms to amplify its activity. Since hypoxia increases endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in the lung, we hypothesized that during moderate, prolo...

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor for responses to low oxygen. Different nonhypoxic stimuli, including hormones and growth factors, are also important HIF-1 activators in the vasculature. Angiotensin II (Ang II), the main effecter hormone in the renin-angiotensin system, is a potent HIF-1 activator in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). HIF-1 activation by Ang I...

Erythropoiesis is critically dependent on erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein hormone that is regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Hepatocytes are the primary source of extrarenal EPO in the adult and express HIF-1 and HIF-2, whose roles in the hypoxic induction of EPO remain controversial. In order to define the role of HIF-1 and HIF-2 in the regulation of hepatic EPO expression, we h...

He Q, Gao Z, Yin J, Zhang J, Yun Z, Ye J. Regulation of HIF-1 activity in adipose tissue by obesity-associated factors: adipogenesis, insulin, and hypoxia. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 300: E877–E885, 2011. First published February 22, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00626.2010.—The transcription factor HIF-1 activity is increased in adipose tissue to contribute to chronic inflammation in obesity. H...