The use of selectable markers (ecogpt) and selection pressures to aid in detection of poxvirus (Vaccinia, VV) recombinants has been implicated in the unintended introduction of second site mutations. We have reinvestigated the use of the helper virus system described by Scheiflinger et al. and adapted by Yao and Evans which produces recombinants at a high frequency in the absence of any selecti...

BACKGROUND Amprenavir (APV), fosamprenavir (FPV), lopinavir (LPV), ritonavir (RTV) and efavirenz (EFV) are to varying degrees substrates, inducers and inhibitors of CYP3A4. Coadministration of these drugs might result in complex pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions. METHODS Two prospective, open-label, non-randomized studies evaluated APV and LPV steady-state pharmacokinetics in HIV-infecte...

اهداف: پژوهش حاضر، تلاش می‌کند با بررسی عوامل کلیدی روند بهره‌وری سازمانی در پیشایندها و پسایندهای اجرای خط‌مشی مدیریت سرمایه انسانی، پیش‌ران‌های بدیل ارتقاء را از میان آنها مشخص نماید.طراحی/ روش‌شناسی/ رویکرد: این پژوهش، آمیخته نوع پژوهش‌های کاربردی است. جامعه آماری بخش کیفی ۱۴ نفر خبرگان علمی اجرایی به‌منظور انجام مصاحبه؛ کمی ۲۷۰ کل ۹0۹ نفری بر اساس فرمول کوکران برای اعتبارسنجی یافته‌های به‌ص...

The nucleotide sequence of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) strain 193 was determined and compared with the sequence of canine parvovirus (CPV) strain N and partial sequences of FPV strain Carl and CPV strain b. Base differences were identified at 115 positions in these 5.1 kb genomes and predicted amino acid differences occurred at 40 positions. The two overlapping capsid protein genes contain...

The present study was carried out for the antigen detection of Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) in diarrhoeic cats referred to the Veterinary Clinic of the School of Ahvaz University, in southwest Iran. Faecal samples were collected from 67 diarrhoeic household cats during 2005 to 2007. According to the age and clinical signs, the cats were divided into two groups; 6 months, hemorrhagic and ...

Viral emergence can result from the adaptation of endemic pathogens to new or altered host environments, a process that is strongly influenced by the underlying sequence diversity. To determine the extent and structure of intrahost genetic diversity in a recently emerged single-stranded DNA virus, we analyzed viral population structures during natural infections of animals with canine parvoviru...

Feline injection site sarcomas affect 1-10 cats per every 10,000 vaccinated and are associated with high mortality. Radical resection may be curative, but is often associated with prolonged recovery, disfigurement and loss of function when tumors occur at currently recommended injection sites. The objective of this study was to assess alternatives to currently recommended vaccination sites in t...

The cell infection processes and host ranges of canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) are controlled by their capsid interactions with the transferrin receptors (TfR) on their host cells. Here, we expressed the ectodomains of wild-type and mutant TfR and tested those for binding to purified viral capsids and showed that different naturally variant strains of the viruses w...