This paper applies a macroeconomic-based model for estimating default probabilities on Dutch data. The …rst part of the paper focuses on the relation between macroeconomic variables and the default behaviour of Dutch …rms. A convincing relationship with GDP growth and oil price, and to a lesser extent, the interest and exchange rate exists. The second part assesses the default behaviour based o...

This paper analyzes factors contributing to terrorism, using its initial meaning from the French Revolution in which the state is the terrorist. The independent economic variables are mineral exports/GDP, military expenditures/GDP, real GDP growth, real per capita GDP, and population density, and the dependent variable is democide, the murder of people by government. Analysis of the data indica...

In this paper we analyze how the primary surplus to GDP ratio in the US reacts to variations in the public debt-GDP ratio. In contrast to earlier studies we perform non-parametric and semi-parametric estimations. Our results show that the response of the primary surplus to GDP ratio is a positive nonlinear function of the debt-GDP ratio. Further, our estimations demonstrate that the coefficient...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stroke accounts for more than 10% of all deaths globally and most of it occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Income inequality and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita has been associated to stroke mortality in developed countries. In LMIC, GDP per capita is considered to be a more relevant health determinant than income inequality. This study aims to inv...

We devised enzyme-based methods to measure fmol amounts of GDP and GTP and applied these methods to measure absolute amounts of Ras-bound GDP and GTP in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. We found that parental NIH 3T3 cells contained 509 and 1.3 fmol of Ras-bound GDP and GTP, respectively, per mg of cellular protein and that stable transfectants of NIH 3T3 cells overexpressing wild-type Ha-Ras contained 700...

Regional Gross Domestic Product Per Capita (GDP) GDP represents the regional GDP per capita measured as a proportion of the overall Spanish average of 100, adjusted annually. The regional GDP scores (along with the updated Spanish average of 100) were available for each of the 17 regions for 1973, 1985, 1989, 1991, and 1993. Missing years between 1977 and 1996 were given scores via interpolatio...

A number of industrialized and developing countries agreed to the terms of the Kyoto protocol to conserve energy and reduce emissions. The close relationship between energy consumption and real GDP growth suggests that energy conservation policies are likely to affect real GDP growth. In this paper, the possible impact of energy conservation policies on the New Zealand economy is examined and c...

This paper analyzes the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis to test the causality relationship between economic activity, trade openness and carbon dioxide emissions in Mexico (1971-2011). The results achieved in this research show that there are three long-run relationships between production, trade openness, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. The EKC hypothesis was not ...

We identify a suite of activities in the development process of Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) and include them as part of an approach to a generic model for the GUI Development Process (GDP). This work contributes with: (1) the identification of common activities of previous GDPs, (2) the definition of an approach to a generic GDP limited to its phases and activities, and (3) the integration ...