BACKGROUND & AIMS Proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis of the intestinal epithelium are tightly regulated by a number of molecular pathways. Coordinated action of intestine is achieved by gastrointestinal hormones, most of which exert these actions through G-protein-coupled receptors. We herein investigated the role of Gαq/11-mediated signaling in intestinal homeostasis. METHODS ...

In this study, we used mice lacking the G11alpha [G11 knockout (KO)] or Gqalpha gene (Gq KO) to examine LH release in response to a metabolically stable GnRH agonist (Buserelin). Mice homozygous for the absence of G11alpha and Gqalpha appear to breed normally. Treatment of (5 wk old) female KO mice with the GnRH agonist Buserelin (2 microg/100 microl, sc) resulted in a rapid increase of serum L...

The 14-3-3s are a family of dimeric evolutionary conserved pSer/pThr binding proteins that play a key role in multiple biological processes by interacting with a plethora of client proteins. Giardia duodenalis is a flagellated protozoan that affects millions of people worldwide causing an acute and chronic diarrheal disease. The single giardial 14-3-3 isoform (g14-3-3), unique in the 14-3-3 fam...

Star formation in molecular clouds is intimately linked to their internal mass distribution. We present an unprecedentedly detailed analysis of the column density structure of a high-mass, filamentary molecular cloud, namely IRDC G11.11-0.12 (G11). We use two novel column density mapping techniques: high-resolution (FWHM = 2′′ , or ∼0.035 pc) dust extinction mapping in nearand midinfrared, and ...

در میان شبکۀ معابر شهری، راه‌های اضطراری امدادرسانی حین زلزله، به‌ویژه مرحلۀ پاسخ به بحران، نقش مهمی ایفا می‌کنند. حفظ عملکرد این شبکه از معابر، ساعات اولیۀ پس اهمیت بسزایی دارد. محافظت و مقاوم‌سازی اجزای آسیب‌پذیر شبکه، به‌خصوص پل‌ها، پیش وقوع تأثیر شایان توجهی کاهش خسارات آسیب‌ها اغلب اوقات تمامی آسیب‌پذیر، به‌دلیل محدودیت بودجه، عملاً ناممکن است. ایجاب می‌کند که با شناسایی دقیق گزینه‌های ابتد...

Molecular dynamics simulations of alamethicin in methanol were carried out with either a regular alpha-helical conformation or the x-ray crystal structure as starting structures. The structures rapidly converged to a well-defined hydrogen-bonding pattern with mixed alpha-helical and 3(10)-helical hydrogen bonds, consistent with NMR structural characterization, and did not unfold throughout the ...