Partial least squares (PLS) regression combines dimensionality reduction and prediction using a latent variable model. It provides better predictive ability than principle component analysis by taking into account both the independent and response variables in the dimension reduction procedure. However, PLS suffers from over-fitting problems for few samples but many variables. We formulate a ne...

Pareto local search (PLS) is an extension of iterative improvement methods for multi-objective combinatorial optimization problems and an important part of several state-of-the-art multi-objective optimizers. PLS stops when all neighbors of the solutions in its solution archive are dominated. If terminated before completion, it may produce a poor approximation to the Pareto front. This paper pr...

This retrospective study aimed to compare the clinical features of paramedullary lesions (PLs) and extramedullary lesions (ELs) of plasmacytomas at diagnosis, using positron emission tomography integrated with computed tomography, using glucose labeled with the positron-emitting radionuclide 18F (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), and to address their prognostic impact....

RATIONALE Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLS), is a rare subtype of liposarcoma, and is considered to be of the highest malignancy grade. PATIENT CONCERNS We aimed to analyze the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and recurrence of the 6 cases of PLS. DIAGNOSES Six cases with confirmed pathological PLS presented at out hospital from January 2003 to January 2017. The postoperative pathology ...

The rate and plane of cell division and anisotropic cell growth are critical for plant development and are regulated by diverse mechanisms involving several hormone signaling pathways. Little is known about peptide signaling in plant growth; however, Arabidopsis thaliana POLARIS (PLS), encoding a 36-amino acid peptide, is required for correct root growth and vascular development. Mutational ana...

Pareto Local Search (PLS) is a generalization of the local search algorithms to handle more than one objective. In this paper, two variants of PLS are examined on the multiobjective 0/1 knapsack problems, compared with three well-known multiobjective EA algorithms, namely SPEA, SPEA2 and NSGA2. Furthermore, A Guided Local Search (GLS) based multiobjective optimization algorithm is proposed, the...

The complexity class of Πpk-Polynomial Local Search (PLS) problems with Πp` -goal is introduced, and is used to give new characterisations of definable search problems in fragments of Bounded Arithmetic. The characterisations are established via notations for propositional proofs obtained by translating Bounded Arithmetic proofs using the Paris-Wilkie-translation. For ` ≤ k, the Σ`+1-definable ...

After years of stagnancy, PLS path modeling has recently attracted renewed interest from applied researchers in marketing. At the same time, the availability of software alternatives to Lohmöller’s LVPLS package has considerably increased (PLS-Graph, PLS-GUI, SPAD-PLS, SmartPLS). To help the user to make an informed decision, the existing programs are reviewed; their strengths and weaknesses ar...

Phospholipids (PLs) are significantly utilized in different areas of food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products as emulsifiers, stabilizers and antioxidants. The properties of PLs can be modified with a view to improve its inherent properties like emulsification and oxidative properties as well as tailor made technological and physiological properties. Advancement of biotechnology serves as a v...