The micro all-electric vehicle pertaining to this study is rear-driven, with motors in the left and right rear wheels. The motors are brushless dc (BLDC) using Hall effect sensors with a trapezoidal back-electromotive force. The control system is developed by using a digital signal processor. To thoroughly utilize the fast torque generation feature of BLDC motors, direct torque control (DTC) is...

The direct torque control-space vector modulation (DTC-SVM) is well-known for achieving excellent dynamic overmodulation. However, the method uses complicated predictive stator flux vector control and requires high precision stator flux vector to define overmodulation mode. This paper proposes a straightforward dynamic overmodulation method and constant switching frequency controller without SV...

This paper describes the DTC approach to the development of applications based on markup languages. DTC consistently combines componentware and markup technologies in a unified solution. Building an application according DTC supposes, on one hand, the provision of the set of documents describing the application at a purely declarative level (i.e. content, processes and interaction) and, on the ...

We consider logical deenability of the group-theoretic notions of simplicity, nilpotency and solvability on the class of nite groups. On one hand, we show that these notions are deenable by sentences of deterministic transitive closure logic DTC. These results are based on known group-theoretic results. On the other hand, we prove that simplicity, nilpotency and the normal closure of a subset o...

BACKGROUND Direct-to-consumer genetic tests (DTC-GT) are easily purchased through the Internet, independent of a physician referral or approval for testing, allowing the retrieval of genetic information outside the clinical context. There is a broad debate about the testing validity, their impact on individuals, and what people know and perceive about them. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review wa...

Ionizing radiation in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients treated with radioiodine (131-I) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could induce oxidative stress with disturbance of redox balance. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress in DTC patients treated with 3.7 or 5.5 GBq of 131-I using values for serum malondialdehyde (MDA, a marker of oxidative stress), ur...

PURPOSE The presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow of breast cancer patients is an acknowledged independent prognostic factor. The biological metastatic potential of these cells has not yet been shown. The presence of putative breast cancer stem cells is shown both in primary tumors and distant metastases. These cells with a CD44(+)CD24(-/low) phenotype represent a minor ...

CONTEXT Human securin pituitary tumor-transforming gene (hPTTG) is overexpressed in a variety of primary neoplasias, including differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the immunohistochemical expression of hPTTG in DTC and its association with known prognostic factors. DESIGN hPTTG expression was analyzed by immunostaining on paraffin-embedde...

OBJECTIVE The purposes of the study were to compare the survival associated with treatment of seriously injured patients with pediatric trauma in Florida at designated trauma centers (DTCs) with nontrauma center (NCs) acute care hospitals and to evaluate differences in mortality between designated pediatric and nonpediatric trauma centers. METHODS Trauma-related inpatient hospital discharge r...

In Caenorhabditis elegans gonad morphogenesis, the final U-shapes of the two hermaphrodite gonad arms are determined by migration of the distal tip cells (DTCs). These somatic cells migrate in opposite directions on the ventral basement membrane until specific extracellular cues induce turning from ventral to dorsal and then centripetally toward the midbody region on the dorsal basement membran...