The dynamics of the neutral atoms in Hall thrusters affects several plasma processes, from ionization to electrons' mobility. In context thruster's particle-in-cell (PIC) modeling, neutrals are often treated kinetically, similar species, and their interactions with themselves ions resolved using direct-simulation Monte–Carlo (DSMC) algorithm. However, DSMC approach is computationally resource d...

Numerical simulations of hotwire anemometers in low-speed, high-altitude conditions have been carried out using the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. Hotwire instruments are commonly used for in-situ turbulence measurements because their ability to obtain high spatial and temporal resolution data. Fast time responses achieved by wires having small diameters (1–5 ?m). currently being ...

Chemical and electrical thrusters are generally utilized to control the attitude orbit of spacecraft in aerospace. When they firing, exhaust expands into vacuum environment, known as plume. The plume flow can collide with surfaces due sufficient expansion, exerting adverse effects on spacecraft, such heating load, force/torque, contamination, sputtering. Therefore, it is vital investigate ensur...

Introduction: A Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) solver with a modified collisional routine is used to investigate an argon gas flow through millimeter-scaled thruster nozzle high-density ratios. Method: The limiter scheme, denoted as the constant selection (CSL), limits possible number of selected pairs value in accordance present simulation particles cell. Results: Results CSL scheme are ...

Abstract M o G ym , is an integrated toolbox enabling the training and verification of machine-learned decision-making agents based on formal models, for purpose sound use in real world. Given a representation problem JANI format reach-avoid objective, (a) enables agent with respect to that objective directly model using reinforcement learning (RL) techniques, (b) it supports rigorous assessmen...