Alopecia areata (AA) is caused by T cell-mediated autoimmune attack of the hair follicle. Therefore, inhibition lymphocyte migration and pathogenic activity represents an attractive therapeutic approach in treatment lymphocyte-mediated diseases, including AA. The function antigen-1 (LFA-1) receptor signaling pathway plays a crucial role cell activation, cells to target tissues formation classic...

Previously, we have shown that interleukin (IL)-8 induces the rapid (15 to 30 minutes) mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) in mice. Because integrins are essential for adhesion and transendothelial migration of HPC, we studied the involvement of the beta2-integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) in IL-8-induced mobilization. After a single injection of blocking ...

Lymphocyte arrest and spreading on ICAM-1-expressing APCs require activation of lymphocyte LFA-1 by TCR signals, but the conformational switches of this integrin during these critical processes are still elusive. Using Ab probes that distinguish between different LFA-1 conformations, we found that, unlike strong chemokine signals, potent TCR stimuli were insufficient to trigger LFA-1 extension ...

To differentiate the unique and overlapping functions of LFA-1 and Mac-1, LFA-1-deficient mice were developed by targeted homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells, and neutrophil function was compared in vitro and in vivo with Mac-1-deficient, CD18-deficient, and wild-type mice. LFA-1-deficient mice exhibit leukocytosis but do not develop spontaneous infections, in contrast to CD18-defi...

CD2 is a T lymphocyte glycoprotein that functions in adhesion of T lymphocytes and also as a putative receptor for activation signals. Functional data suggest that LFA-3, a widely distributed cell surface glycoprotein, may be the biological ligand of CD2. We have purified LFA-3 from human erythrocytes and characterized the purified protein functionally. LFA-3 bound specifically to CD2+ cells, a...

BACKGROUND Carbon monoxide (CO) has been detected within anaesthesia breathing systems. One potential source in this setting is exhaled endogenous CO. We hypothesized that CO is re-breathed during low-flow anaesthesia (LFA) in infants and children. METHODS Twenty children (age 2 months-7 yr) undergoing general anaesthesia were evaluated in a prospective observation study. LFA was established ...

Conformational changes in integrins are important for efficient ligand binding during activation. We proposed that the I domain of the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) could exist in both open and closed conformations and generated constitutively activated LFA-1 by locking the I domain in the open conformation. Here we provide structural and biochemical evidence to vali...

While CD4 and the chemokine receptors are the principal receptors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), other cellular proteins, such as LFA-1, are also involved in HIV infection. LFA-1 and its ligands, ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and ICAM-3, can be expressed on the cells infected by HIV, as well as on the HIV virions themselves. To examine the role of LFA-1 expressed on target cells in HIV infection, Ju...

هدف: رشته مهندسی عمران از رشته‌های پرطرفدار می‌باشد که دانش‌آموختگان آن مسئولیت‌های زیادی در سازندگی و آبادانی کشور دارند بر همین اساس ضرورت دارد برنامه‌ درسی منجر به نتایج مطلوب گردد. راستا، هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی برنامه کارشناسی ارزیابی وضعیت موجود ‌درسی این بعد بوده است.مواد روش‌ها: رویکرد تحقیق، ترکیبی اکتشافی متوالی نوع ابزارسازی است. روش تحقیق کیفی مطالعه، پدیدارشناسی بخش کمی پیمایشی حاض...