Abstract We measure U.S. listed companies’ skilled labor risk—that is, the potential failure in attracting and retaining labor, by intensity of discussions on this issue 10-K filings. show that effectively captures firm risk due to mobility labor. find an increase from 25th 75th percentile would wage 22% (or $15,593) also lead higher equity-based incentive pay. The interacts with other corporat...

We study labor market returns to vocational versus general secondary education using a regression discontinuity design created by the centralized admissions process in Finland. Admission track increases initial annual income, and this benefit persists at least through mid-thirties, present discount value calculations suggest that it is unlikely life cycle will turn negative retirement. Moreover...

This article reviews the global health and economic consequences of 1918 influenza pandemic, with a particular focus on topics that have seen renewed interest because COVID-19. We begin by providing an overview key contextual epidemiological details as well data are available to researchers. then examine effects mortality, fertility, economy in short medium run. The role non-pharmaceutical inte...

This paper quantifies employer market power in US manufacturing and how it has changed over time. Using administrative data, we estimate plant-level markdowns—the ratio between a plant’s marginal revenue product of labor its wage. We find most plants operate monopsonistic environment, with an average markdown 1.53, implying worker earning only 65 cents on the dollar generated. To investigate lo...

Why Are the Returns to Education Higher for Entrepreneurs than for Employees? We compare the returns to education (RTE) for entrepreneurs and employees, based on 19 waves of the NLSY database. By using instrumental variable techniques (IV) and taking account of selectivity, we find that the RTE are significantly higher for entrepreneurs than for employees (18.3 percent and 9.9 percent, respecti...

Causal Returns to Schooling and Individual Heterogeneity E-mail: In this paper, human capital investments are evaluated by assuming heterogeneous returns to schooling. We use the potential outcome approach to measure the causal effect of human capital investments on earnings as a continuous treatment effect. Empirical evidence is based on a sample of West German full-time employed males (BIBB/I...

This paper investigates the link between domestic income inequality and international trade using a dynamic model of occupational choice. After showing how systematic patterns of comparative advantage arise among countries with no di®erences in their economic fundamentals, I provide two results regarding trade liberalization describing the full transition dynamics. First, international income d...