Introdouction: Overhang refers to the extension of restoration material from the cavity. It has an important role in decay, plaque accumulation and periodontal disease, so the aim of this study is determining the frequency of restoration overhang in patients in Anzali, Guilan. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was completed using 293 patients who visited fo...

This paper investigates distributed fault restoration protocols for multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) that automatically reroute label switched paths in the event of failures while maintaining quality of service (QoS) requirements. Protocols for link restoration, partial path restoration, and path restoration are evaluated. A new adaptive approach to selecting backup routes is proposed to ma...