Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a common problem in the treatment of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). A complete reversal of MDR is currently not possible. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) as mechanism of MDR in childhood RMS and to analyze possible reversal strategies. Female athymic mice underwent xenotransplantation with embryonal or alveola...

Glutathione transferase (GST) activity and GST isoenzyme composi tion have been determined for 24 human neoplasms and 6 human tumor cell lines. Substantial activity (40-1010 milliunits/mg protein) was iden tified in all tumor specimens examined and three of the tumor cell lines. Three tumor cell lines, the human small cell carcinoma line SW2-10S, the Burkitt's lymphoma derived cell line Raji, a...

Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes detoxify carcinogens in tobacco smoke. Interindividual variation in GST function may be related to differences in risk for smoking-related cancer. Leukocytes from 50% of Caucasians lack GST activity toward trans-stilbene oxide (TSO), due to a deletion of the gene for the GST-mu enzyme. Presence of GST-TSO activity in leukocytes has been associated with lo...

We have developed chromatographic and mathematical protocols that allowed the high resolution of glutathione S-transferase (GST) subunits, and the identification of a previously unresolved GST monomer in rat kidney cytosol; the monomer was identified tentatively as subunit 6. Also, an aberrant form of GST 7-7 dimer appeared to be present in the kidney. This development was utilized to illustrat...

An inducible, cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) was purified from Streptomyces griseus. GST isoenzymes with pI values of 6.8 and 7.9 used standard GST substrates including 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. GST had subunit and native M(r)s of 24 and 48, respectively, and the N-terminal sequence SMILXYWDIIRGLPAH.

Antisera to each of the three main cytosolic forms of glutathione S-transferase (GST; alpha, mu, and pi) has been used to characterise GST expression by metastatic neuroblastoma in bone marrow trephine biopsies taken from 15 patients at presentation and from five of this group at relapse. There was no correlation between expression of extra-nuclear alpha or mu GST and outcome, and no consistent...

PURPOSE Prognosis of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) remains poor. Patients who achieve a response to first line therapy usually relapse, and the probability of cure remains low. Glutathione-S-transferase pi (GST-pi) overexpression has been associated with alkylating agents and anthracycline resistance. GST-pi gene is located in 11q13 and is coamplified along with CCND1 gene in some human solid tumo...

High molecular weight kininogen (HK) and its domain 3 (D3) exhibit anticoagulant properties and inhibit platelet activation at low thrombin concentration in vitro. We hypothesized that the rapid occlusive thrombosis in HK-deficient (HKd) rats, following endothelial injury of the aorta, results from enhanced platelet aggregation by thrombin. The effects of D3 (G235-M357) or D3-derived peptides o...

Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a superfamily enzyme which plays a major role in detoxification of xenobiotic compounds by catalyzing the conjugation of xenobiotic to cellular glutathione (GSH). GST-P is an important class of GSTs which is expressed during the early stage of life and during developmental stages. Its activity is relatively high during embryogenesis and immediately after birth...

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes involved in the protection of cellular components against anti-cancer drugs or peroxidative stress. Previously we found that GST pi, an isoform of the GSTs, is transported into the nucleus. In the present study, we found that GST pi is present in mitochondria as well as in the cytosol and nucleus in mammalian cell lines. A construct ...