those managers who are pioneers in city development arena follow major strategies that can receive international attention, so they focus their attention to major sporting events. this study evaluated tehran as a metropolis that has plans for strategic development from the perspective of hosting major sporting events. in this qualitative exploratory study, data were collected with a checklist a...

The aphid genus Ephedraphis Hille Ris Lambers is reviewed. The genus is represented by four species, including Ephedraphis mongolica sp. n. on Ephedra sp. from Umnogovi Province, Mongolia. A key to the known species of Ephedraphis is provided. Diagnostic characters of all species are given. All specimens studied, including type specimens are deposited in the National Zoological Museum of China,...

The utilization of medicinal plants to treat infectious disease is a common practice in developing countries worldwide. The present study was aimed at evaluating the crude extracts of Ephedra gerardiana (root and stem) with different chemicals for antioxidant and antimicrobial (fungal and bacterial) potential. The results revealed that the ethyl acetate fractions of E. gerardiana (root and stem...

of articles on ' Epidemic Dropsy '??the burning question of the day?even in the remotest villages. The treatment indicated is tincture ephedra vulgaris for the heart, which is analogous to the action of adrenalin and so will accelerate the heart. What should be done in the following case of epidemic dropsy? (1) Patient, aged 7 years; history of beri-beri? three months. (2) Sudden dilatation of ...

background: leishmania major is an intracellular parasite transmitted through the bite of the female phlebotomine sand flies. leishmania major is able to escape the host immune defense and survive within macrophages. modulation of the nf-κb (nuclear factor-kappa b) activation and suppression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines by l. major are the main evasion mechanisms that remain to be explored...