A dual-flow continuous culture system consisting of 4 fermenters was used in a 4 x4 Latin square design. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effects of solid dilution rate (SDR), pH, and concentration of linoleic acid (LA) in the feed mixture on the production of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-C18:1. The 4 treatments were 1) control = pH 6.5, 1% LA, 4%/h SDR; 2) high sol...

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of octadecadienoic acid [linoleic acid (LA), 18:2n-6]. Although ruminant milk and meat products represent the largest natural source of CLA and therefore, their concentration in ruminant lipids are of interest to human health, chemical or physical modifications of CLA should be needed as a means to enhance oxidative...

Evidence from animal studies suggests that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) modulates plasma and tissue appearance of newly synthesized PUFA. The effects of a 1.2g (0.5 % energy) daily intake of the cis-9,trans-11 (c9,t11) isomer of CLA, trans-10,cis-12 (t10,c12) isomer of CLA or olive oil (placebo) on linoleic acid (LA) and linolenic acid (LNA) metabolism in healthy human volunteers was investig...

SCOPE Conjugated linoleic acids are linoleic acid isomers found in the diet that can also be produced through bacterial metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Our objective was to evaluate the contribution of fatty acid metabolites produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids by the gut microbiota in vivo to regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism and steatosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In mice wi...

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) consists of a group of naturally occurring and synthetic positional and geometric (cis-trans) stereoisomers of the polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid. The cis-9,trans-11 (c9,t11) CLA isomer (the most prevalent form found in ruminant-derived foods) and the trans-10,cis-12 (t10,c12) CLA isomer (present in commercial preparations) are the two most widely studie...

Introduction During catalytic hydrogenation of vegetable oils, some of the naturally occurring cis double bonds are isomerized to trans fatty acids (TFA). High levels of trans fats in the diet are linked to higher occurrence of coronary health diseases [1]. However, all trans fatty acids are not harmful, some conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers are reported to have anticarcinogenic, -atherog...

Production of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) by the intestinal bacteria of dogs and cats was demonstrated by incubating their feces with linoleic acid (LA). CLA accumulated once, and then decreased with time. The numbers of LA-hydrogenating bacteria in the intestines appeared to decrease greatly with the ages of dogs and cats. As a major product of LA biohydrogenation, trans-vaccenic acid (t-VA...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on apoptosis of tachyzoites of T. gondii, RH strain (type I) and the cyst-forming Tehran strain (type II) in vitro. METHODS Toxoplasma strains were injected into the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice. The Tehran strain forms cysts in the brain of mice. Bradyzoites within the cysts are reactivated to ...

AIMS To isolate predominant ruminal bacteria that produce trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) from linoleic acid (LA). METHODS AND RESULTS Mixed bacteria from ruminal contents of a cow fed grain were enriched with DL-lactate and trypticase. They produced more trans-10, cis-12 CLA than those that were not enriched (7 vs 2 microg mg protein(-1), P < 0.05). Enrichments had an abundan...