We investigated the diversity, cophylogenetic relationships, and biogeography of hoplopleurid sucking lice (Phthiraptera: Anoplura) parasitizing rodents (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) in the Manu National Park and Biosphere Reserve. Our morphological and molecular studies reveal that 15 distinct louse species parasitize 19 rodent species. Three of these louse species are new to science, and all but t...

High tax-rates erode their own bases, and thereby adversely affect tax-revenues. This general idea, which is referred to as the Laffer Curve, can be traced back to Kautilya's famous treatise on Economics, Arthasastra, and even before that, to the ancient Indian book of laws called the Manusmriti. This paper considers the basic tenets of taxation prescribed in these texts and attempts to interpr...

Much ink has been spilled recently in the debate over whether indigenous people are “ecologically noble savages” — natural-born conservationists — or whether they pose a threat to biodiversity in the Amazon and other ecosystems (Redford, 1991; Alcorn, 1993; Alvard, 1993; Redford and Stearman, 1993; Robinson, 1993; Terborgh, 1999; Schwartzman et al., 2000). Tropical biologists and ecological ant...

BACKGROUND Tourists have been infected with Leishmania braziliensis and the lack of appropriate travel information on the disease has been documented. The aim of this study was to describe the knowledge and behavior of tourists booked on a trip to Manu National Park in Peru in relation to leishmaniasis and its prevention. METHODS The clients of two tour operators in Cusco, Peru, represented t...

The Selective Paste Intrusion (SPI) is an additive manufacturing method in which thin layers of aggregates are bond selectively by cement paste only where the structure shall arise. In this way, concrete elements with complex geometries and structures can be produced. To meet optimum between required layer bonding sufficient shape accuracy, rheological properties paste, i.e., its yield stress d...

Mechanisms to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) have emerged as cost effective strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions which can contribute to the sustainable development of tropical developing countries. One of the central challenges facing REDD is the development of appropriate governance institutions. Taking an agency-centred political ecology approach, this...

Natural enemies have been implicated as agents of negative density dependence (NDD) in tropical forests, but their relative contributions to NDD, and thus the maintenance diversity, are largely unknown. We monitored rates survival growth on seedlings for 10 years moist forest Manu National Park, Peru. then experimentally manipulated plots exclude fungal pathogens, insects, small mammals large a...

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