Three new diarylheptanoids, (3S,5R)-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6E-heptene (1), (3S,5S)-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6E-heptene (2), and (3S)-3-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6E-hepten-5-one (3), four new flavonoid glycosides, 3,7,3'-tri-O-methylquercetin-4'-O-β-d-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), 7,3'-di-O-methylquercetin-4'-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-...

This study aimed to elucidate the chemical response of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) interspecific competition by rye (Secale cereale L.). Hairy plants were grown as target in a mixture with different densities (0, 1, 2, and 4). Twelve flavonoids shoot, root, root exudate quantified high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Kaempferol 3-O-{β-D-rhamnosyl-(1...

A high-performance liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 10 flavonoids in Viscum coloratum obtained from different host species and different sources. Viscum coloratum was extracted with 50% methanol. The extracts were separated on a C(18) column with a gradient of 0.1% (v/v) formic acid and methanol. The flavonoids in the extracts ...

Ruminococcus albus is a typical ruminal bacterium digesting cellulose and hemicellulose. Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE; EC 5.1.3.11), which converts cellobiose to 4-O-β-D-glucosyl-D-mannose, is a particularly unique enzyme in R. albus, but its physiological function is unclear. Recently, a new metabolic pathway of mannan involving CE was postulated for another CE-producing bacterium, Bacteroides f...

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a foremost antioxidant enzyme, plays a key role in angiogenesis. Barley-derived (1.3) β-d-glucan (β-d-glucan) is a natural water-soluble polysaccharide with antioxidant properties. To explore the effects of β-d-glucan on MnSOD-related angiogenesis under oxidative stress, we tested epigenetic mechanisms underlying modulation of MnSOD level in human umbilic...

In this paper, we study the problem of finding the probability that the two-dimensional (biased) monotonic random walk crosses the line y = αx+d, where α, d ≥ 0. A β-biased monotonic random walk moves from (a, b) to (a + 1, b) or (a, b + 1) with probabilities 1/(β + 1) and β/(β + 1), respectively. Among our results, we show that if β ≥ ⌈α⌉, then the β-biased monotonic random walk, starting from...

A phytochemical investigation of Allium tuberosum Rottler afforded two new phenylpropane glycosides, named tuberonoid A (1) and B (2), along with four known flavonoids, kaempferol 3-O-β-sophoroside (3), 3-O-β-D-(2-O-feruloyl)-glucosyl-7,4'-di-O-β-D-glucosylkaempferol (4), 3-O-β-sophorosyl-7-O-β-D-(2-O-feruloyl)glucosyl kaempferol (5), kaempferol 3,4'-di-O-β-D-glucoside (6). The identification a...

The title compound, C(41)H(70)O(12)·CH(4)O, was prepared by microbial transformation. Within the steroid skeleton of the mol-ecule, three six-membered rings exhibit a chair conformation, while the five -membered ring adopts an envelope conformation. The two pyranosyl rings also adopt chair conformations. The mol-ecules are held together by an extensive O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding network.

To study the chemical constituents of the fruits of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.), and find novel compounds, an n-butanol extract of the ethanol soluble fraction was subjected to repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatography and HPLC. Two new glycosides were isolated and their structures elucidated by NMR and HRFAB-MS spectrometry as (2E,4E,7Z)-deca-2,4,7-trienoate-2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D...