Sixteen patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and cytomegalovirus retinitis were treated with ganciclovir alone (9 patients) or ganciclovir and zidovudine (6 patients). The duration of effective treatment, that is the number of weeks during which there was no deterioration in visual symptoms or retinal appearance, was comparable in both groups. However, six of the seven pa...

HIV-1 isolation was attempted on 72 individuals, including persons with known HIV infection and five without proven HIV infection but with indeterminate Western blot patterns, as well as on low-risk HIV seronegative persons. The ability to detect HIV-1 from culture supernatant by p24 antigen capture assay was evaluated by segregating patients by absolute CD4+ cell counts, clinical stage of dise...

The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate zidovudine loaded chitosan microspheres for controlled drug release. Microspheres were prepared by emulsification method using gluteraldehyde as crosslinking agent. The prepared microspheres were characterized for their yield and drug loading, as well by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffractometry and Scanning e...

BACKGROUND Durable suppression of replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) depends on the use of potent, well-tolerated antiretroviral regimens to which patients can easily adhere. METHODS We conducted an open-label, noninferiority study involving 517 patients with HIV infection who had not previously received antiretroviral therapy and who were randomly assigned to receive eithe...

Lactic acidosis is a life-threatening complication of antiretroviral therapy with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) (2, 3), and there is a spectrum of conditions associated with lactic acid elevation, ranging from moderate asymptomatic hyperlactatemia to life-threatening lactic acidosis. Identification of the compounds responsible for hyperlactatemia is uneasy, because most pa...