For small excursions of an electron within a continuous focusing ion channel, the phase advance of the socalled betatron oscillations of that electron–equivalent to the number of oscillations per unit length of that electron about the central restoring force of the ion’s space-charge force in the blowout regime–are independent of the (negligible) amplitude of its radial excursion. Here, we comp...

An analvtic techniaue is Dresented for comwhere Q, is the channel rrain. and w, is an additive Gaus" I puting the performance of trellis coded q-ary PSK in Rayleigh fading. A contour-integral expression for the pairwise error probability (PEP) is used to define a transfer function, enabling the union bound to be evaluated exactly for the ideal CSI (channel state information) case and imperfect-...

In spring 2010, the LHC has delivered its first proton-proton collisions at a centre of mass of 7 TeV. The validation of the detector performance started with the measurement of some Standard Model well known processes. This paper presents the measurement of the W and Z cross section in electron and muon final states, which constitute the first sample of isolated high transverse momentum lepton...

Measurements of the internal distribution of B in magnetically confined plasmas are required to obtain current profiles via equilibrium reconstruction with sufficient accuracy to challenge stability theory. A 16-channel linear array of InSb Hall effect sensors with 7.5 mm spatial resolution has been constructed to directly measure internal B(z)(R,t) for determination of J(ψ,t) associated with e...

Gating of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) involves a coordinated action of ATP on two nucleotide binding domains (NBD1 and NBD2). Previous studies using nonhydrolyzable ATP analogues and NBD mutant CFTR have suggested that nucleotide hydrolysis at NBD1 is required for opening of the channel, while hydrolysis of nucleotides at NBD2 controls channel closing. We stud...

In this paper we have tried to interpret the physical role of the three-tangle and π-tangle in the real physical information process. For the model calculation we adopt the three-party teleportation scheme through the various noisy channels. The three parties consist of sender, accomplice and receiver. It is shown that the π-tangles for the X-and Z-noisy channels vanish at κt → ∞ limit, where κ...

Eight ionic liquids (ILs) are subjected to both positive-ion and negative-ion direct analyses in real time (DART) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry (MS). First, their ability to deliver evenly distributed cluster ion series covering a wide m/z range is explored. Then, one of the ILs exhibiting particularly useful cluster ion series in either ion polarity is ap...

In object-oriented systems, object associations generally result in a complex structure whose precise description is a crucial part of the sys-tem's formal speciication. A particularly common object association arises when one object exclusively controls (owns) another. As exclusive object control is an important aspect of safety and security critical systems, speciic notation to capture direct...

Iacopo Carusotto, Roberto Balbinot, Alessandro Fabbri, and Alessio Recati 4 CNR-INFM BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, via Sommarive 14, I-38050 Povo, Trento, Italy Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Bologna and INFN sezione di Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, 40126 Bologna, Italy Departamento de Fisica Teorica and IFIC, Universidad de Valencia-CSIC, C. Dr.Moliner, 50,...

particle leads to the formation of a dynamical steady state which is characterized by an effective temperature above the temperature of the environment [1]. The average steady state energy of the system has a higher value than expected from the environmental properties. The system experiences repeatedly a non-Markovian behavior as a consequence the corresponding effective decay for long evoluti...