Biomass processing plants have a trade-off between two competing cost factors: as size increases, the economy of scale reduces per unit processing cost, while a longer biomass transportation distance increases the delivered cost of biomass. The competition between these cost factors leads to an optimum size at which the cost of energy produced from biomass is minimized. Four processing options ...

s: There is not enough land for the current bioenergy production process because of its low annual yield per unit land. In the present paper, an integrated biomass production and conversion process for sustainable bioenergy is proposed and analyzed. The wastes from the biomass conversion process, including waste water, gas and solid are treated or utilized by the biomass production process in t...

Information on heritability and predicted gains from selection for increased biomass yield for ethanol production in switchgrass is limited and may vary among breeding populations. The purpose of this study was to estimate heritability and predicted gains from selection for higher biomass yield within a lowland ecotype switchgrass population, Southern Lowland 93 (SL-93), and two upland ecotype ...

The excessive biological sludge production is one of the disadvantages of aerobic process such as SBR. So the problem of excess sludge production along with its treatment , and disposal in aerobic processes in municipal and industrial waste water can be seen in many parts of the world even in our country . to solve the problem of excess sludge production , reducing in by oxidizing some of t...

in order to indicate the effect of duck's presence, anas platyrhynchos in paddy fields on rice (oryza sativa l.) yield, yield components and its effect on weed density, an experiment was carried out in baz ghaleh dezh village, located in sangar, guilan, iran in 2013. this experiment was performed based on factorial split-plot analysis conducted in a randomized complete block design (rcbd)....

Effect of weed competition periods on weeds and yield of black seed was studied through field experiments conducted at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during winter 2006-07 and 2007-08. Weeds were allowed to compete with the crop for 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 days after sowing and throughout the growth season along with a weed free treatment. The data on weed density and...

extra use of chemical fertilizers in recent decades had resulted in pollution of water, soil and other environmental recourses. to investigate the effects of humic acid as an organic fertilizer on some yield components of three tomato (lycopersicon esculentum l.) varieties, an experiment was conducted during 2010 growing season at khorasan-e-razavi, ahmadabad suburb of mashhad. experiment was a...