Suspensions of Candida albicans yeast cells, germ tubes and hyphae with biomass standardized by ATP measurement were compared for their relative susceptibilities to phagocytosis and intracellular killing by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. All three forms were ingested to a similar extent, but significantly fewer yeast cells were killed intracellularly after ingestion than were filamentous f...

Intracellular substances released into the medium during rehydration of dry yeast cells can significantly improve the quality of a synthetic medium. Acceleration of yeast growth in this medium and increased yield of biomass are observed simultaneously. The change in the molecular arrangement of intracellular membranes as a result of the strong dehydration of live organisms is a negative phenome...

The voltammetric study of the lactic acid reduction was performed in media suitable for yeast growth, using platinum microelectrodes. The decrease of the voltammetric peak current from square wave voltammetry, ∆Ip, in cultures of the yeasts Candida utilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was related to both the growth time and cellular biomass. Either the imposed variations of medium composition or...

Background: Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass, in particular xylose, is currently of great concern, given the abundance of this sugar in the world, because Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is widely used for bioethanol production, is unable to naturally ferment xylose. The aim of this study was to obtain a novel yeast capable of stably producing ethanol from biomass containing x...

A kinetic model for ethanol fermentation of lactose using yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus DSMZ 5422 is proposed. The model consists of a set of differential equations which account for substrate consumption, ethanol production and biomass production. In the model, it is assumed that alcoholic fermentation is inhibited by ethanol itself and that a different metabolic pathway is set at certain etha...

The present work aimed to investigate the microbial dynamics during the anaerobic treatment of the azo dye blue HRFL in bench scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor operated at ambient temperature. Sludge samples were collected under distinct operational phases, when the reactor were stable (low variation of color removal), to assess the effect of glucose and yeast extract as source o...

Lucerne (Medicago sativa) has many qualities associated with sustainable agriculture such as nitrogen fixation and high biomass yield. Therefore, there is interest in whether lucerne is a suitable biomass substrate for bioethanol production, and if hydrothermal pretreatment (HTT) of lucerne improves enzymatic convertibility, providing sufficient enzymatic conversion of carbohydrate to simple su...

BACKGROUND In the yeast biomass production process, protein carbonylation has severe adverse effects since it diminishes biomass yield and profitability of industrial production plants. However, this significant detriment of yeast performance can be alleviated by increasing thioredoxins levels. Thioredoxins are important antioxidant defenses implicated in many functions in cells, and their prim...

This study aimed the optimization of culture condition and composition for production of Cryptococcus laurentii 11 biomass and lipids in cheese whey medium supplemented with sugarcane molasses. The optimization of pH, fermentation time, and molasses concentration according to a full factorial statistical experimental design was followed by a Plackett-Burman experimental design, which was used t...

Yeast production on hydrolysate is a likely process solution in large-scale ethanol production from lignocellulose. The hydrolysate will be available on site, and the yeast has furthermore been shown to acquire an increased inhibitor tolerance when cultivated on hydrolysate. However, due to over-flow metabolism and inhibition, efficient yeast production on hydrolysate can only be achieved by we...