In this study, the optimization of different process variables-pH (4-6), aeration rate (200-550 rpm) and agitation rate (0.6-1.8 vvm) were investigated using rotating simplex method and uniform design method to enhance xylitol production from xylose by D. nepalensis in a batch stirred tank bioreactor. Maximum xylitol productivity (0.576 g L-1 h-1) was obtained at pH 4.0, agitation 300 rpm and a...

OBJECTIVE A systematic review of published data was conducted with the aim of assessing the caries preventive effect of consuming xylitol-based candies and lozenges. METHODS Electronic and hand searches were performed to find clinical trials concerning the consumption of products containing xylitol, published up to November 2009. The studies must have had the following characteristics: (a) a ...

BACKGROUND Ethanolic fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass is a sustainable option for the production of bioethanol. This process would greatly benefit from recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains also able to ferment, besides the hexose sugar fraction, the pentose sugars, arabinose and xylose. Different pathways can be introduced in S. cerevisiae to provide arabinose and xylose utilisat...

The NAD+-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase from the xylose-assimilating yeast Galactocandida mastotermitis has been purified in high yield (80%) and characterized. Xylitol dehydrogenase is a heteronuclear multimetal protein that forms homotetramers and contains 1 mol of Zn2+ ions and 6 mol of Mg2+ ions per mol of 37.4 kDa protomer. Treatment with chelating agents such as EDTA results in the remov...

Xylitol fermentation production from corncob acid hydrolysate has become an attractive and promising process. However, corncob acid hydrolysate cannot be directly used as fermentation substrate owing to various inhibitors. In this work, soaking in aqueous ammonia (SAA) pretreatment was employed to reduce the inhibitors in acid hydrolysate. After detoxification, the corncob acid hydrolysate was ...

About 85% (n = 269) of the subjects who participated in the Ylivieska follow-up studies on the effect of xylitol chewing gum on dental caries during 1982-84 or 1982-85 were re-examined in 1987 for the analysis of possible long-term preventive effects. Further caries reduction was found 2 or 3 yr after the discontinuation of the use of xylitol. The effect was especially marked in girls; the redu...

Xylitol, a natural compound classified as sugar alcohol, is found diversely in fruits and vegetables small quantities. Commercial production of xylitol has expanded due to its health benefits wide applications an alternative sweetener food pharmaceutical products. Production on large scale industrially being achieved by the chemical method. However, biotechnological method offers possibilities ...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the lactic acid concentration in supragingival plaque from caries-active pre-school children after a short-term use of either xylitol- or sorbitol-containing chewing gums. MATERIAL AND METHODS The investigation consisted of a prospective crossover design with 10 healthy children aged 2-4 years each with at least two caries lesions within the denti...

TO THE EDITOR: To Drs. Bonnema and colleagues, thank you for your comments on our recent article in AJP-Endocrinology and Metabolism (4). Indeed, for subjects not used to these polyols, 50 g of xylitol and 75 g of erythritol as a single bolus given within 2 min seems rather high. From a nutritional point of view the applied doses makes sense, at least in adapted subjects. This would then, for i...