Classic methodologies for carbon footprint are made for conventional companies or territories. None is well adapted for entire sectors or parts of sectors, which usually contain numerous and very different companies, such in the forestry. In this work, we proposed a methodology to count GHG emissions for forestry in a region, from harvest preparation to the entrance of industries. We divided fo...

In this study, an experimental phenol–formaldehyde resin with 20% phenol replacement by cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) was studied and compared with a conventional phenol–formaldehyde resin synthesized totally from petrochemical rawmaterials. The resins were characterizedwith standard lab analysis for their physicochemical specifications, while their thermal properties were studied with thermog...

the convergence hypothesis maintains that an economy whose productivity lags behind other economies has a potential to grow faster. in other words, this economy can experience faster economic growth through absorbing, accepting, and using available technology experience. in this study, we have examined the relationship between tfp of industry sectors and regional convergence in iran's prov...

The use of wood-derived fillers by the thermoplastic industry has been growing, fueled in part by the use of wood-fiber– thermoplastic composites by the construction industry. As a result, the durability of wood-fiber–thermoplastic composites after ultraviolet exposure has become a concern. Samples of 100% high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and HDPE filled with 50% woodflour (WF) were weathered i...

Background Wood is the most important natural and renewable source of infinite energy, but this is not their only function, it also has great significance to the buildings and other products [1]. Eucalyptus, the genus that includes more than 500 species, is among the key forest species planted around the world to solid wood, and mainly for the pulp and paper industries. Aiming at the sustainabl...

OBJECTIVES Occupational exposure to wood dust has been shown to cause several respiratory disorders, such as allergic rhinitis, chronic bronchitis, asthma, sino-nasal adenocarcinoma, and impairment of lung function. The aim of the study was to estimate lung function (in the woodworking industry) among workers employed by wood processing, who run the risk of being expose to wood dust. METHODS ...

In anticipating future rates of adoption of new technology in forest products, several uniquely important factors come into play. In this respect, the role of innovations imported from other industries, the effect of raw material shortages, the importance of economic factors in adoption of innovations, and the problems presented by the heterogeneity of wood raw material and finished products ar...