BACKGROUND Ultrafiltration (UF) is assumed to enhance urea removal during haemodialysis (HD) because of convective transport and because of contraction of urea distribution volume. However, UF-induced blood volume reduction has been hypothesized to enhance peripheral urea sequestration and post-dialysis urea rebound (PDUR), possibly reducing HD effectiveness. The effect of UF on PDUR was invest...

Both high and low circulating urea concentrations, a product of protein metabolism, are associated with decreased fertility in dairy cows through poorly defined mechanisms. The rate of involution and the endometrial ability to mount an adequate innate immune response after calving are both critical for subsequent fertility. Study 1 used microarray analysis to identify genes whose endometrial ex...

Rhodosporidium toruloides and Tetradesmus obliquus pure mixed cultures were grown on primary brewery wastewater (PBWW), with without supplementation of sugarcane molasses (SCM) urea. R. developed in was not able to grow PBWW, or supplementation, but grew the microalga T. all media. In contrast, develop. Higher biomass productivity (149.3 mg L−1 h−1) obtained for culture using PBWW supplemented ...

The effect of urea as an electrophoretic buffer solution modifier on the ion-association (IA) capillary electrophoresis (CE) separation of four anionic metal complexes of Al(III), Co(III), Cr(III), and Fe(III) with 2,2'-dihydroxyazobenezene-5,5'-disulfonate (DHABS) using a hydrophobic ion-association agent, tetrapentylammonium bromide, was studied. The mutual separation of the four anionic meta...

The present study was undertaken to estimate the serum urea, creatinine and electrolyte status of patients presenting with acute gastroenteritis. Sixty patients who presented to Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching hospital from 15 June to 15 July 2005 with acute diarrhea with or without associated vomiting, causing dehydration severe enough to require hospital admission were investigated for...

Four gilts (average BW 80 kg) were used in the first experiment to study the effect of i.v. infusion of urea on urea kinetics by means of a radioisotope dilution technique. The pigs were fed twice daily 600 g of a cornstarch-based diet formulated to contain 16% CP by supplementation with isolated soy protein. Infusion of urea, compared with saline, increased (P < .05) plasma urea concentration,...

In this issue of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, Sirich et al. provide evidence that 8-h treatments with large dialysers and higher dialysate flows greatly increase the clearances of protein-bound compounds p-cresol sulphate and indoxyl sulphate without altering Kt/V urea [1]. Thus, this paper is a further striking example of the limitations of urea-based dialysis ‘dosing’ and allows u...

We used a perfused gill preparation from dogfish to investigate the origin of low branchial permeability to urea. Urea permeability (14C-urea) was measured simultaneously with diffusional water permeability (3H2O). Permeability coefficients for urea and ammonia in the perfused preparation were almost identical to in vivo values. The permeability coefficient of urea was 0.032 x 10(-6) cm/sec and...

Compartmentalized reaction networks regulating signal processing, communication and pattern formation are central to living systems. Towards achieving life-like materials, we compartmentalized urea-urease more complex urea-urease/ester-esterase pH-feedback into hydrogel spheres investigate how fuel-driven pH fronts can be sent out from these regulated by internal networks. Membrane characterist...

the study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding varying levels of ficus sycomorus leaf forages as protein supplements to a basal diet of urea treated maize stover. four yankasa goats averaging one year and weighing 11.7±1.8 kg were used to measure the feed intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance. the basal diet (urea treated maize stover) was supplemented with 0 (t1), 50 (t2), 100...