[1] Estuarine near‐surface turbulence is important for transport, mixing, and air‐water exchanges of many important constituents but has rarely been studied in detail. Here, we analyze a unique set of estuarine observations of in situ atmospheric and full water column measurements, estimated air‐sea exchanges, and acoustic measurements of several terms in the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) budg...

[1] To help understand possible impacts of anthropogenic greenhouse warming on hurricane activity, we assess model-projected changes in large-scale environmental factors tied to variations in hurricane statistics. This study focuses on vertical wind shear (Vs) over the tropical Atlantic during hurricane season, the increase of which has been historically associated with diminished hurricane act...

The present study considers a variety of cyclone developments that occur in an idealized, baroclinic channel model featuring full condensation heating effects over an ocean with prescribed sea surface temperature variation. The geostrophic basic-state jet is specified by the tropopause shape, and horizontal shear is included by specifying the meridional variation of zonal wind on the lower boun...

At 0149 UTC on 21 January 1997 an abrupt southerly wind change moved through Hobart Airport (see Fig. 1 for all place names used in this paper), with the surface wind shifting from 310/22 kn (gust 34 kn) at 0130 UTC to 160/15 kn (gust 31 kn) at 0156 UTC. With this change the temperature dropped from 37.2°C to 24.6°C over the same interval. At 0230 UTC 21 January 1997, Qantas flight QF617 was ap...

The possibility of velocity shear-induced linear transformations of different magnetohydrodynamic waves in the solar wind is studied both analytically and numerically. A quantitative analysis of the wave transformation processes for all possible plasma-β regimes is performed. By applying the obtained criteria for effective wave coupling to the solar wind parameters, we show that velocity sheari...