A total of 301 adult hispine beetles of the genera Cephaloleia and Chelobasis were found in rolled leaves of plants of 17 species of Zingiberales (families Costaceae, Heliconiaceae, Maranthaceae, Musaceae, and Zingiberaceae) during a field study at La Gamba, Golfito region, Costa Rica. Of these beetles, Cephaloleia belti was recorded from 12 potential host plant species, C. distincta from 7, C....

Studies have shown that oxygenated compounds and TSS are important in food products. It seems that cultivars have a profound influence on these factors. The goal of the present study is to investigate on flavor components and juice quality parameters of two mandarin cultivars. In the last week of January 2012, at least 10 mature fruit were collected and their peel oil was extracted using cold-p...

Chemical alterations to leaf litter associated with growth under elevated CO2 may impact aquatic ecosystems that rely on terrestrial leaf litter as a carbon source. This study examined how elevated CO2 altered the chemistry and subsequent response of stream microorganisms growing on the leaf litter of three riparian tree species. Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), white willow (Salix alba), a...

Background Few studies of edge effects on wildlife objectively identify habitat edges or explore non-linear responses. In this paper, we build on ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) research that has begun to address these domains by using triangulation wombling to identify boundaries in beetle community structure and composition at the edges of forest patches with residential developments. W...

Indirect plant-mediated interactions between herbivores are important drivers of community composition in terrestrial ecosystems. Among the most striking examples are the strong indirect interactions between spatially separated leaf- and root-feeding insects sharing a host plant. Although leaf feeders generally reduce the performance of root herbivores, little is known about the underlying syst...

Flooding can adversely worsen metal-contaminated soil and influence phytoremediation efficiency; thus, it is crucial to explore the eco-physiological responses of plants combined stress metals flooding. Here, plant growth, photosynthesis, nutrient composition in arbor willow (Salix jiangsuensis ‘J172’) shrub integra ‘Yizhibi’) were studied using a pot experiment with Cu-contaminated (239.5 mg∙k...

After an absence of approximately 70 years, gray wolves (Canis lupus) were re-introduced into Yellowstone National Park in the mid-1990s. We studied the potential influence of wolf/ungulate interactions upon willow (Salix spp.) growth in the valleys of the Gallatin and Lamar Rivers, as well as Slough and Soda Butte Creeks, in the northern Yellowstone ecosystem. When we compared willow heights f...

To elucidate the adsorption property and the mechanism of plant residues to reduce oxytetracycline (OTC), the adsorption of OTC onto raw willow roots (WR-R), stems (WS-R), leaves (WL-R), and adsorption onto desugared willow roots (WR-D), stems (WS-D), and leaves (WL-D) were investigated. The structural characterization was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spe...