Why Do People Still Live in East Germany? In 1997 GDP per capita in East Germany was 57% of that of West Germany, wage rates were 75% of western levels, and the unemployment rate was at least double the western rate of 7.8%. One would expect that if capital flows and trade in goods failed to bring convergence, labor flows would respond, enhancing overall efficiency. Yet net emigration from East...

Recent trends in German life expectancy show a considerable increase. Most of this increase has resulted from decreasing mortality at older ages. Patterns of oldest old mortality (ages 80+) differed significantly between men and women as well as between East and West Germany. While West German oldest old mortality decreased since the mid 1970s, comparable decreases in East Germany did not becom...

This paper examines regional differences in subjective well-being (SWB) in Germany. Inferential statistics indicate a diminishing but still significant gap between East and West Germany, but also differing levels of SWB within both parts of Germany. The observed regional pattern of life satisfaction reflects macroeconomic fundamentals, where labour market conditions play a dominant role. Differ...

This section has surveyed characteristics of the health service systems in Denmark, Scotland, West Germany, and the United States. Certain characteristics in each country are likely to increase hospital utilization. In the United States the characteristics include economic incentives to physicians and patients for hospital use and the high percent of physicians in specialty practices. In Denmar...

Mosquitoes and other arthropods may transmit medically important pathogens, in particular viruses such as West Nile virus. The presence of suitable hosts and competent vectors for those zoonotic viruses is essential for an enzootic transmission, which is a prerequisite for epidemics. To establish reliable risk projections, it is an urgent need for an exact identification of mosquito species, wh...

We explore whether retrospective voting is related to voters’ democratic experience. To this end, we compare the behavior in West Germany formerly non-democratic East after a disaster relief program addressing flood 2013. Our analysis reveals 2.2% (or 0.9 percentage points) increase vote share for incumbent party flooded municipalities compared West. Analyzing an earlier flood, variation of exp...

1 Prosthetics and Orthotics Program, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, United States, 2 Cooperative Studies Program, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, United States, 3 Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 4 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States, 5 Robotics...

Mathematics and Computer Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Via Buonarroti 12, 00185 Roma, Italy Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, 1210 West Dayton Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA Department of Mathematics, University of Dortmund, 44221 Do...

2,7-bis(biphenyl-4-yl-)2’,7’-ditertbutyl-9,9’-spirobifluorene adsorbed on oxide surfaces Julia Stähler*, Oliver T. Hofmann, Patrick Rinke, Sylke Blumstengel, Fritz Henneberger, Yilei Li, Tony F. Heinz 1 Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany 2 Departments of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York,...

The German Economy is not only affected by the Unification of Germany but by a significant influx of immigrants from abroad and huge migration from East to West Germany around the date of unification. Data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (GSOEP) allows to disentangle those effects by decomposition of the Theil I (0)-Index of inequality. In addition, the paper offers insights in the t...