The problem of rising health care costs and the related increased dependency on health insurance coverage has moved to the forefront of the U.S. policy agenda in recent years and was a fundamental component of President Clinton's 1992 campaign platform. However, the President's 1994 health care reform proposal was unsuccessful, and current GOP proposals to cut the rate of growth of Medicare and...

This paper utilizes a Swedish alcohol policy experiment conducted in the late 1960s to identify the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure on educational attainments and labor market outcomes. The experiment started in November 1967 and was prematurely discontinued in July 1968 due to a sharp increase in alcohol consumption in the experimental regions, particularly among youths. Using a difference...

In a world of rapidly changing economic opportunities, institutions frequently lag relative to the objective conditions over which they apply, creating dysfunctionalities that can have high social costs. The Indian caste system is a classical example of such institutional slippage between division of labor and social class positions, with not only high welfare costs for members of lower castes ...

dependency parsing is a way of syntactic parsing and a natural language that automatically analyzes the dependency structure of sentences, and the input for each sentence creates a dependency graph. part-of-speech (pos) tagging is a prerequisite for dependency parsing. generally, dependency parsers do the pos tagging task along with dependency parsing in a pipeline mode. unfortunately, in pipel...

This article examines the intermingling of national security and oil supply in Finland through Finnish policy, 1948–1992. During Cold War, built its economy based on Soviet instead diversity multilateral cooperation. That was closely related to overarching War policy that prioritised political economic relations with Union, referred as finlandisation. The scrutinises ubiquitous influence societ...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of fiscal decentralization on Ethiopia’s regional (Sub-national) macroeconomic stability. The followed a causational research design employing data from 2005–to 2018. units analysis in are sub-national governments (SNGs). utilized two-step System General Methods Moment (SYS-GMM) model since it resolves econometric issues, including endogeneity, autoco...

in the present study, interactions between lead exposure with nitric oxide precursor (l-arginine) or nitric oxide synthase (nos) inhibitor (l-name) on naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhea in morphine-dependent mice were examined. chronic lead acetate (0.05%) exposure altered naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhea in mice. jumping was decreased after 7 days and was unchanged 14 and 28 days after...

following the failure of economic development and growth policies and dissatisfactions resulting from applying these policies, related discussions to life satisfaction was proposed among various experts. in their opinion, different factors can be effectual on life satisfaction. one of the most important factors is social welfare. this study is a social survey and it has used questionnaire for c...