this study was aimed at determining intra and inter-observer concordance rates in the gleason scoring of prostatic adenocarcinoma, before and after a web-based educational course. in this self-controlled study, 150 tissue samples of prostatic adenocarcinoma are re-examined to be scored according to the gleason scoring system. then all pathologists attend a free web-based course. afterwards, the...

Web Appendix A. Low-rank spatial smoothing of the broadband access variable Our measure of the Internet access availability has a few known imperfections: there are some missing data for some zip codes, and in some cases services are under-reported. To improve the quality of this variable, we implement a low-rank thin plate spline smoother (Wand 2003) to correct for measurement errors. Here, we...

This open-access article is published and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial No Derivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/), which permits the noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction of the article in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. You may not alter, transform, or build upon this article witho...

This open-access article is published and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial No Derivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/), which permits the noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction of the article in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. You may not alter, transform, or build upon this article witho...

This open‐access article is published and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution ‐ NonCommercial ‐ No Derivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by‐nc‐nd/3.0/), which permits the noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction of the article in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. You may not alter, transform, or build upon this article w...

during early neurogenesis, the floor plate plays an essential role(s) in the differentiation of the ventral portion of neural tube. in this study, we detected the specific distribution of unique glycoconjugate during the floor plate differentiation. formalin fixed paraffin sections of balb/c mice (10-14 embryonic days) were processed for histochemical studies using horseradish peroxidase-labell...

introduction: today nano-medicine tries to produce new drugs to reduce the dosage and side effects of their conventional forms. according to the interaction between zinc and opioidergic system activity, this study has investigated the effect of new kind of zinc supplement, nano zinc oxide (nzno), in compared to its conventional form (czno), in presence and absence of opioidergic system activity...

introduction: in open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of mandibular fracture, the fixation technique used is very important in reducing post-operative complications and promoting the healing process. this study assessed the results of fixation of the mandible using two mini-plates perpendicular to each other in the lower border of the mandible for fracture treatment.    materi...

introduction: in order to assess our skill in the tubularized incised plate (tip) urethroplasty technique in children with hypospadias. material andmethods: of 307 children (mean age 38 month) who received a tip urethroplasty, all had primary hypospadias. patients who were referred with complication were eliminated from our study. the hypospadias defects were subcoronal in 25 (8%), distal penil...