The paper begins with an objection to the DesireBased Reasons Model. The argument from reason-based desires holds that since desires are based on reasons (first premise), which they transmit but to which they cannot add (second premise), they cannot themselves provide reasons for action. In the paper I investigate an attack that has recently been launched against the first premise of this argum...

*Correspondence: Sasha R. X. Dall, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Exeter, UK e-mail: [email protected] The study of animal personality variation promises to provide significant new insight into the way that behavior evolves in animals, along with its ecological and evolutio...

Most non-economists would question whether economists know anything about culture. Indeed, given some faculty meetings I’ve been through, I imagine they might go so far as to say economists are uncultured. Although the second sentiment probably does go too far, there is certainly merit to the first. In particular, with a few exceptions (notably Kreps, 1990; Crémer, 1993; Lazear, 1995; Hodgson, ...

‎By substituting the usual notion of open sets in a topological space $X$ with a suitable collection of maps from $X$ to a frame $L$, we introduce the notion of L-topological spaces. Then, we proceed to study the classical notions and properties of usual topological spaces to the newly defined mathematical notion. Our emphasis would be concentrated on the well understood classical connectedness...