The global burden of diabetes mellitus and its related complications are currently increasing. Diabetes mellitus affects the heart through various mechanisms including microvascular impairment, metabolic disturbance, subcellular component abnormalities, cardiac autonomic dysfunction, and a maladaptive immune response. Eventually, diabetes mellitus can cause functional and structural changes in ...

The idea that both genetic and environmental influences contribute to behavioral outcomes is widely accepted. However, the practice of examining candidate Gene × Environment interaction (cGxE) is controversial. In this article, we summarize some of the key issues involved in cGxE research and provide recommendations for work in this area. Highlighted challenges include the selection of the gene...

The field of physical medicine and rehabilitation has evolved greatly over the last half century. Although practice patterns continue to change, the unifying concepts of physiatry remain the same. Awareness of the unique aspects of physiatry is still not optimal. It is incumbent on the physiatric community to educate our colleagues, our patients, and the public about our unique field.

Accepted for publication: November 11th, 2008 Summary.The natural orifice translumenal endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) approach has been successfully reported by several surgical teams in different specialties. Urologic teams have recently presented several experimental and clinical experiences with the technique. Our aim is to review the initial experience with NOTES in minimal access urological su...

In 2003, Ganz et al. described anterior femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) as an under recognized cause of early hip osteoarthritis. Impingement is a purely mechanical hip disorder defined as abnormal contact between skeletal prominence of the acetabula rim or femoral head-neck junction that leads to painful, periarticular joint. If untreated, FAI can lead to endstage osteoarthritis of the hip ...