The electrical liquid film thickness (LFT) sensor developed at ETH Zurich is applied to study wavy annular flows. LFT consists of a matrix electrodes put flush the surface wall which interest present. conductance between transmitter and receiver sampled converted into using calibration function obtained for flat without waves. Due limited lateral resolution non-linear response, waves are charac...

A quenching experiment is performed to investigate the heat transfer characteristics and cooling performance of CrAl-coated Zircaloy (Zr) cladding in a water flow. The Zr one accident tolerant fuels for light reactors. uncoated also used this comparison. This simulates reflood fuel rod during loss coolant (LOCA) nuclear power plant. test conditions were determined represent peak temperature, su...

To understand how the direction of root growth changes in response to obstacles, light, and gravity, we characterized an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant, wavy growth 2 (wav2), whose roots show a short-pitch pattern of wavy growth on inclined agar medium. The roots of the wav2 mutant bent with larger curvature than those of the wild-type seedlings in wavy growth and in gravitropic and phototropic re...

Biopsy of the lesion at scanning power shows laminar hyperkeratosis of the epidermis, slight irregular acanthosis, and a perivascular lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate in the papillary and superficial reticular dermis (Fig. 3), in the mid reticular dermis there is an unencapsulated, poorly defined neoplasm, consisting of a symmetrically arranged proliferation of wavy spindle cells in fascicle...

Manipulation of the configuration of Ag nanowire (NW) networks has been pursued to enhance the performance of stretchable transparent electrodes. However, it has remained challenging due to the high Young's modulus and low yield strain of Ag NWs, which lead to their mechanical failure when subjected to structural deformation. We demonstrate that floating a Ag NW network on water and subsequent ...

The high efficiency of monocoque cylindrical shells in carrying axial loads is curtailed by their extreme sensitivity to imperfections. For practical applications, this issue has been alleviated by introducing closely stiffened shells which, however, require expensive manufacturing. Here we present an alternative approach that provides a fundamentally different solution. We design symmetry-brea...

Microscopic billow-like wavy folds have been observed along slip planes of the Nojima active fault, southwest Japan. The folds are similar in form to Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instabilities occurring in fluids, which implies that the slip zone underwent “lubrication” such as frictional melting or fluidization of fault gouge materials. If the temperature range for generation of the billow-like wavy ...

The effects of the combined utilization wavy wall and different nanoparticle shapes in heat transfer fluid for a thermoelectric generator (TEG) mounted vented cavity are numerically analyzed. A triangular wave form is used, while spherical cylindrical-shaped alumina nanoparticles used water up to loading amount 0.03 as solid volume fraction. impacts amplitude on flow output power features signi...

The angular diameter of Snell's window as a function of maximum wave slope is calculated. For flat water the diameter is 97° and increases up to about 122° when the wave slope is about 16°. Steeper waves break and disrupt the smooth surface used in the analysis. Breaking waves produce a window almost 180° wide. The brightness of the dark area around Snell's window is heavily influenced by turbi...