The paper discusses the notion of steps in indexing and reveals that the document-centered approach to indexing is prevalent and argues that the document-centered approach is problematic because it blocks out context-dependent factors in the indexing process. A domain-centered approach to indexing is presented as an alternative and the paper discusses how this approach includes a broader range ...

ABSTRACT Urban areas in semi-arid regions are under chronic water stress. In this scenario, expanding supply with decentralized sources that collaborate Water-Sensitive Design (WSUD) may be relevant, such as rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems. respect, study aimed to analyze the potential for use of public buildings Brazilian region, integrating three aspects: environmental and economic feasibi...

The ageing population as well as the tight labor market put pressure on future health care. In this article, we explore the role of monitoring systems in health care. By incorporating principles of Value-Sensitive Design in a Human Centered Design process we developed a system for remote monitoring at night in dementia care. The performance of the working system was evaluated in the real-life c...

abstract aims: fluoride is one of the anions present in soil and water, and determining its level in drinking water is vital for preventing dental and bone diseases in societies. this research aimed to determine fluoride concentrations in drinking water sources of rural and urban areas of babol city, iran. instrument & methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in babol city,...

The Covid-19 pandemic becomes a primary issue in urban development that requires several supporting facilities and infrastructures to handle. adequate water supply ensure the washing hand bathing as part of health protocol implementation is crucial for drought-prone areas. Meanwhile, government strategies on drought handling by assisting trucks are considered temporary solution. Hence, this stu...

abstract due to limited water resources in agriculture, application of each strategy to economize water use and increase area under cultivation is very important. one such strategy is deficit irrigation. for optimal planning of deficit irrigation, it is necessary to determine different sensitive stages of plant water shortages. in this study the effect of deficit irrigation on growth and yield ...

What are the best ways for design teams attend to issues of power, inequity, trust and other ethical concerns as they arise in design? Literature on value-sensitive design (VSD) and technology ethics has advocated for a range of design methods that propose different roles and responsibility for ethics during technology development. This paper explores four provocations that imagine different ro...

Following formative work in the 1970s, disappearance in the 1980s, and reemergence in the 1990s, a chronological review shows that the past decade has witnessed increasing interest in the study of urban metabolism. The review finds that there are two related, non-conflicting, schools of urban metabolism: one following Odum describes metabolism in terms of energy equivalents; while the second mo...

Growth of urban areas and abandonment of rural areas are phenomena that increase quickly. The main consequences of urbanization are pollution, consumption of resources and energy, waste dumps, and junk yards. These aspects require a better planning and design of European urban metropolitan areas, considering benefits, opportunities, costs and risks (B.O.C.R.), derivable by urban transformations...