conclusions according to the average of wqi index, quality of water was good in station number one, medium in station number two, and bad in the rest of stations. according to the wilcox index, qualities of water in third station were medium and in the rest were good. results by using wqi, the best water quality was reported in station number one with the scalar quantity of 71.11 (water with be...

A simple flow-through system has been developed which makes use of wasted heat generated in traditional clay ovens (chullis) to pasteurize surface water. A hollow aluminium coil is built into the clay chulli, and water is passed through the coil during normal cooking events. By adjusting the flow rate, effluent temperature can be maintained at approximately 70 degrees C. Laboratory testing, alo...