The need for recycling Modern microelectronics fabs are dependent upon a continuous flow of UPW for normal operations, requiring 500 cubic meters per hour or more to manufacture product. Each new fab uses 4,000 to 12,000 cubic meters per day just for wafer processing. As the industry continues to expand and develop more advanced technologies, an even greater burden is placed on limited water, s...

The importance of the benthic filter feeding community as a natural control on eutrophication is considered. The important environmental factors favorable for such a control are relatively shallow water depths and a dense benthic filter feeding commmunity of small animals. The criteria are summarized in the equivalence of the water recycling time, t, for the benthic community and the time const...

This study shows the benefits of using high molecular weight cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) in the purification of wastewater discharged from a wet scrubber in secondary lead smelter for reuse. The effect of temperature, pH, filtration pressure, polymer dose and different types of filtration fabrics on filtration rate (x), efficiency (ε) and quality of the produced water for recycling have bee...

[1] The goal of this paper is to investigate the added value of water isotopic measurements to estimate the relative influence of large‐scale dynamics, convection, and land surface recycling on the Sahelian water budget. To this aim, we use isotope data in the lower tropospheric water vapor measured by the SCIAMACHY and TES satellite instruments and in situ precipitation data from the Global Ne...

The aim of this study was to demonstrate how seasonal variability in the removal efficacy of enteric viral pathogens from an MBR-based water recycling system might affect risks to human health if the treated product were to be used for the augmentation of potable water supplies. Samples were taken over a twelve month period (March 2014-February 2015), from nine locations throughout a water recy...

this study aims at investigating social and cultural barriers to the use of recycled water for the first time in iran from the sociological perspective. applying qualitative methods, the understanding of women from water recycling and causes and conditions for the use of recycled water was studied. the required data was collected by using semi-structured interviews with a number of women. the i...

While the sustainability of resource depletion is a longstanding environmental concern, wider attention has recently been given to growing water scarcity and groundwater depletion. This study seeks to test the substitutability assumption embedded in weak sustainability indicators using a case study of Californian water supply. The volume of groundwater depletion is used as a proxy for unsustain...

Naturally occurring arsenic in the bedrock of the Northern Appalachian Mountain belt was first recognized in the late 19th century. The knowledge of the behavior of arsenic in groundwater in this region has lagged behind nearly a century, with the popular press reporting on local studies in the early 1980s, and most peer-reviewed research articles on regional patterns conducted and written in t...