Efficacy of a poly-gamma-D-glutamic acid anthrax capsule vaccine was assessed in a mouse model of infection. Capsule by itself was protective against lethal challenge with a toxin(-), capsule(+) Bacillus anthracis strain. Conjugation of capsule to bovine serum albumin resulted in enhanced IgG anti-capsule antibodies measured by ELISA, but completely abrogated the protection. The protective unco...

abstract in order to study the effect of density and time of nitrogen application on morphological, phenological characteristics, yield and yield components of black cumin (nigella sativa l) a field experiment was conducted at chenaran in khorasan razavi province in 2005 growing season. three nitrogen fertilizer (urea) application times (1- control 2- at 4-6 leaves stage 3-preblooming 4-complet...

background gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd) is a common problem seen in pediatrics and adolescents. the bravo tm ph monitoring system is a capsule that detects and quantifies the severity of reflux disease. this test is also valuable for evaluation of patients with extra-gastrointestinal manifestations of gerd such as asthma, chronic cough, hoarseness, aspiration pneumonia, and pre/post f...

Biocompatibility of intraocular lens (IOL) is critical to vision reconstruction after cataract surgery. Foldable hydrophobic acrylic IOL is vulnerable to the adhesion of extracellular matrix proteins and cells, leading to increased incidence of postoperative inflammation and capsule opacification. To increase IOL biocompatibility, we synthesized a hydrophilic copolymer P(MPC-MAA) and grafted th...

BACKGROUND Capsule retention in the small bowel is a known complication of small-bowel video capsule endoscopy. Surgery is the most frequently used method of capsule retrieval. OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence and causes of capsule retention and to describe double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) as the primary technique used for capsule retrieval. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of all video caps...

Caffeine (Caf) ingestion increases plasma epinephrine (Epi) and exercise endurance; these results are frequently transferred to coffee (Cof) consumption. We examined the impact of ingestion of the same dose of Caf in Cof or in water. Nine healthy, fit, young adults performed five trials after ingesting (double blind) either a capsule (Caf or placebo) with water or Cof (decaffeinated Cof, decaff...

Identifying life stages of species with complex life histories is problematic as species are often only known and/or described from a single stage. DNA barcoding has been touted as an important tool for linking life-history stages of the same species. To test the current efficacy of DNA barcodes for identifying unknown mollusk life stages, 24 marine gastropod egg capsules were collected off the...

Generic versions of Neoral, a microemulsion capsule formulation of cyclosporine, have been approved worldwide. However, there are concerns about the quality and efficacy of the generics due to the formulation specificity and differences in inactive ingredients among products. In this study, we measured the physicochemical properties of both the innovator and the generic formulations, and compar...