Abstract This study hopes to develop a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method for equitable and efficient allocation of water resources under scarcity. Based on the Bankruptcy problems, five classic plus one proposed rules are introduced generate distribution alternatives. The “Core” solution Cooperative Game Theory (CGT) Security Restriction have been used select feasible Additionally, v...

6 The available water in a catchment depends on where and when the water is taken. This raises 7 considerable man-made uncertainty in water availability. Partly due to this uncertainty, catchments are 8 over-allocated almost everywhere. The over-allocation problem could be managed more effectively if 9 catchment managers could match users’ rights to the available water. In this paper, I show ho...

Pigeons made repeated choices between earning and exchanging reinforcer-specific tokens (green tokens exchangeable for food, red tokens exchangeable for water) and reinforcer-general tokens (white tokens exchangeable for food or water) in a closed token economy. Food and green food tokens could be earned on one panel; water and red water tokens could be earned on a second panel; white generaliz...

Resource allocation to different functions is central in life-history theory. Plasticity of functional traits allows clonal plants to regulate their resource allocation to meet changing environments. In this study, biomass allocation traits of clonal plants were categorized into absolute biomass for vegetative growth vs. for reproduction, and their relative ratios based on a data set including ...

Orthogonal-frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transforms a frequency-selective multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) fading channel into a MIMO-OFDM channel that has a well-defined outage capacity. According to Shannon theory, a transmitter with channel knowledge can achieve this capacity by a combination of eigenbeamforming and water-filling; the eigenbeamforming transforms the MIMO-OFDM ch...