Laboratory measurements of water vapor absorption using cavity ring-down spectroscopy revealed a broad absorption at 405 nm with a quadratic dependence on water monomer concentration, a similar absorption with a linear component at 532 nm, and only linear absorption at 570 nm in the vicinity of water monomer peaks. D2O ab5 sorption is weaker and linear at 405 nm. Van’t Hoff plots constructed at...

1) the Malkmus band model based on HITRAN 92 database: HITRAN 96 and HITRAN 99 are now available with more accurate molecular line parameters. Also ATREM employs the multiplication rule to handle transmittance in spectral regions where multiple gas absorption is present. This results in less accurate transmittance calculation in these regions, e.g., at 2.0μm where both H2O and CO2 strongly abso...

Wide Area Cyber-Physical Systems (WA-CPSs) are a class of control systems that integrate low-powered sensors, heterogeneous actuators, and computer controllers into large infrastructure span multi-kilometre distances. Current wireless communication technologies incapable meeting the requirements range bounded delays needed for WA-CPSs. To solve this problem, we use Control Communication Co-desi...

The purpose of this paper is to examine accuracy, security, and architecture impacts and challenges of mobile and web technologies through the case study of collecting geolocation field data in Washington (WA) State water resources. Effective management of water as a public resource relies on the capture, storage, and retrieval of accurate geographic position data. This is also true of a broad ...

Jejunostomy losses of Na+ and water during enteral nutrition after massive intestinal resection may be severe. We have attempted to analyse this practical problem by using an in vivo perfusion technique in healthy volunteers to study Na+, water and nutrient absorption from a short (25 cm) segment of jejunum during perfusion of an isotonic solution of the elemental diet Vivonex. Further solution...

1. Rabbit caecal segments in situ were used to measure absorption rates of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and inorganic ions from a saline solution comparable in composition to normal caecal fluid. 2. Results confirm the importance of VFA absorption from caecal material found by other workers. 3. Like the mammalian colon, the rabbit caecum conserved large amounts of sodium, chloride and water. Bica...