In this study, characterization of filtrated cake of sludge drying section from a petroleum refinery wastewater treatment plant in Melaka was carried out with the objective to analyze its chemical, physical and fuel characteristics. Proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and higher heating value (HHV) are very important in chemical and fuel characterization. Dielectric properties and density tes...

Over 40% of high-purity silicon (Si) is consumed as sludge waste consisting of Si, silicon carbide (SiC) particles and metal impurities from the fragments of cutting wire mixed in ethylene glycol based cutting fluid during Si wafer slicing in semiconductor fabrication. Recovery of Si from the waste Si sludge has been a great concern because Si particles are promising high-capacity anode materia...

Most of the developing countries particularly Indonesia will be facing the dilemmatic problems of sludge pressure in next decades due to increasing the legal and illegal loggings as well as the land and water demands resulting from the population growth, improved standard of people living and urbanization as well as economic and industrial developments. Consequence, there will be facing also th...

The consumption of crops fertilized with human waste represents a potential route of exposure to antibiotic-resistant fecal bacteria. The present study evaluated the abundance of bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes by using both culture-dependent and molecular methods. Various vegetables (lettuce, carrots, radish, and tomatoes) were sown into field plots fertilized inorganically or with cl...

Microwave energy has been widely used in several domestic, industrial, and medical applications such as food sterilization, organic/inorganic syntheses, polymerization, dehydration, analyses and extraction, and biological destruction. This paper summarizes the potential applications of microwave energy as remedial alternatives for various types of wastes and diverse contamination of soils, slud...

The FibreEtOH concept was developed to tackle major challenges in the production of ethanol from lignocellulosics. The two feedstocks, waste fibre fractionated from solid recovered fuel, and pulp and paper mill fibre sludge, provide all-year-round supply of biomass with high hexose content (44e56%) and acceptable ash content (13e14%). They can be liquefied and hydrolysed by enzymes rapidly with...

As world is going towards renewable energy sources, microbial fuel cell getting attention nowadays. In microbial fuel cell biomass is utilize and give energy (electricity), and also a good option for treatment for waste water. Fuel recovery from sewage sludge is a promising energy production method, which can simultaneously address energy issue and environmental concerns associated with waste t...

In EU countries approximately 150,000 tons/year of galvanic sludges are generated by 4000 industrial units from the corresponding wastewater treatment plants. These sludges are generally classified as hazardous (European Waste Catalogue as adopted in Council Decision 2000/532/CE and as amended by Decisions 2001/118/EC, 2001/119/EC and 2001/573/CE), basically due to the presence of heavy metals....

Types of land disposed residuals from selected metal smelting and refining industries are described, as are the origin and disposition of land disposed residuals from the primary copper industry as an example. Quantities of land-disposed or stored residuals, including slags, sludges, and dusts, are given per unit of metal production for most primary and secondary metal smelting and refining ind...

This article deals with pollution control through source reduction, as an alternative to waste treatment. Many treatment systems simply remove an undesirable process waste from one medium and capture it in another. For example, scrubbers on smokestacks remove Undesirable combustion products by dissolving them in water. Biodegradation of chemicals in wastewater produces sludges (solid wastes)....