The disease is characterised by clinical signs of the upper respiratory tract, such as a (muco)purulent nasal discharge, hyperaemia of the muzzle (red nose disease) and by conjunctivitis. Signs of general illness are fever, depression, inappetence, abortions and reduced milk yield. The virus can also infect the genital tract and cause pustular vulvovaginitis and balanoposthitis. Postmortem exam...

Vulvovaginitis is a common condition in adolescents—especially sexually active girls. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by the presence of vulvitis in addition to a vaginal discharge. The physical characteristics of the vaginal discharge can point towards the most likely etiology. Gram stain, wet preparations and culture and sensitivity tests are indicated to define an exact etiology of vagini...

Background: Vaginitis means inflammation of the vaginal mucosa and is one most common causes for consulting to a gynecologists. Mixed-type infections are simultaneous at least two types pathogens (for example, bacteria Candida species). In treatment mixed vaginitis, broad spectrum antimicrobial therapy effective on different kinds required. Aim: The purpose this review evaluate place efficacy f...

Vulvovaginitis is a common condition in adolescents—especially sexually active girls. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by the presence of vulvitis in addition to a vaginal discharge. The physical characteristics of the vaginal discharge can point towards the most likely etiology. Gram stain, wet preparations and culture and sensitivity tests are indicated to define an exact etiology of vagini...

conclusions direct sample pcr has the potential to rapidly and accurately diagnose candida vulvovaginitis in patients, especially if sufficient samples are obtained. results the results showed that out of the 150 samples, 55 were positive and 63 samples were negative by both methods, and 32 samples were positive using the culture method, but negative by ds-pcr. all positive ds-pcr samples had >...

Four hundred and seventy Sudanese women with vaginal discharge were investigated for yeast-like fungi. High vaginal specimens were cultured and isolates fully identified according to standard mycological techniques. All patients were married and some were pregnant. Of 138 yeast-like fungi identified, Torulopsis glabrata (34.1%) was the commonest followed by Candida albicans (25.4%) and Candid k...