BACKGROUND Commitment to food safety is evidenced by high profile governmental initiatives around the globe. To measure progress towards targets, policy makers need to know the baseline from which they started. AIM To describe the burden (mortality, morbidity, new presentations to general practice, hospital admissions, and hospital occupancy) and trends of indigenous foodborne disease (IFD) i...

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important agent of haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome in children less than five years old and elderly people. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of verotocytoxin producing E. coli 0157 (VTEC O157) among human patients with diarrhoea in Morogoro, Tanzania. Faecal samples originating from 275 human patients with diarrhoe...

In 2012, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) initiated external quality assessment (EQA) schemes for molecular typing including the National Public Health Reference Laboratories in Europe. The overall aim for these EQA schemes was to enhance the European surveillance of food-borne pathogens by evaluating and improving the quality and comparability of molecular typing. ...

Total solar eclipses are unique opportunities to study how the ionospheric and external geomagnetic field responds fast changes in ionizing flux as moon’s shadow travels through its path over ionosphere at an average speed of 3,000 km/h. In this contribution, we describe our observing campaign which set up GNSS stations city Valcheta, Río Negro, Argentina (which was located right under totality...

Abstract Vertical total electron content (VTEC) has great importance in describing the ionosphere. VTEC values are commonly distributed regular grids by means of so‐called global ionospheric maps (GIMs) and regional (RIMs). Although considerable research been conducted to develop models, there is no clear understanding benefits using RIMs over GIMs. Aiming contribute this discussion, our invest...

Introduction A meeting of a joint FAO/WHO Core Expert Group on VTEC/STEC was held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 19-22 July, 2016. The list of meeting participants is provided in Annex I. All participants were required to declare any relevant interests and based on the information provided, none of the experts were considered to present any potential conflict of interest. The meeting was chaired ...

Abstract The differential code biases (DCBs) of the global positioning system (GPS) receiver onboard low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are commonly estimated by a local spherical symmetry assumption together with known GPS satellite DCBs from ground-based observations. Nowadays, more and LEO equipped receivers for precise determination, which provides unique chance to estimate both without any g...

Accurate specification of the thermosphere states is crucial to low Earth orbit satellite operation. In this work, impact different ionosphere and observing systems on improvement neutral temperature data assimilation model has been investigated by a series system simulation experiments. The selected observations include Global Navigation Satellite System total electron content (e.g., MIT verti...

AIMS  To develop a novel Vero cell assay that implements a real-time cell electronic sensing (RT-CES) system for the determination of the presence of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC). The assay overcomes the major drawbacks in conventional Vero cell assay, for example, labour-intensive and time-consuming. METHODS AND RESULTS  Cells were grown onto the surfaces of microelectronic se...

The adherence property of 70 verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) strains, not belonging to O157: H7 serotype (non-O157) was checked on HeLa cells adherence assay. These strains were isolated from patients with diarrhea and healthy individuals. The results obtained in this study revealed that localised adherence (LA) was manifested by 3 strains of which two belonged to serogroups O111, O127 and the thi...