Much attention has been focused lately on the Opportunistic Routing technique (OR) that can overcome restrictions of harsh underwater environment and unique structures Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs). OR enhances performance UWSNs in both packet delivery ratio energy saving. In our work; we propose a new routing protocol; called Energy Efficient Depth-based with Void Avoidance for (EEDOR-VA)...

Received ABSTRACT An analysis of voids using cosmological N-body simulations of cold dark matter (CDM) models is presented. It employs a robust statistics of voids, that was recently applied to discriminate between data from the Las Campanas Redshift Survey (LCRS) and different cosmological models. Here we extend the analysis to 3D and show that typical void sizes D in the simulated galaxy samp...

a method based on electrical capacitance tomography (ect) and an improved least squares support vector machine (ls-svm) is proposed for void fraction measurement of oil-gas two-phase flow. in the modeling stage, to solve the two problems in ls-svm, pruning skills are employed to make ls-svm sparse and robust; then the real-coded genetic algorithm is introduced to solve the difficult problem of ...

Numerical simulations of cyclic biaxial tests were performed on samples with polygonal particles having aspect ratios (AR) equal to 1 up to 3 to better understand the cyclic behaviour of granular materials. The samples are created by deposit under gravity leading to the existence of an inherent anisotropy. Nevertheless, for the sample with AR equal to 1, numerical tests were also performed from...

We investigate the two-dimensional packing of extremely prolate (aspect ratio alpha=L/D>10) granular materials, comparing experiments with Monte Carlo simulations. The average packing fraction of particles with aspect ratio alpha=12 is 0.68+/-0.03. We quantify the orientational correlation of particles and find a correlation length of two particle lengths. The functional form of the orientation...

The objective of this article is to present a semiotic analysis of void— which in this article is the spacio-temporal empty space existing in any representation—in order to consider the representation of quality and to show how this is essential in human representation yet difficult to process computationally. First, a summary of reference to void is presented through a comparison between Weste...

Flood waves resulting from dam breaks and flash floods have been responsible for numerous losses. In the present study, sudden flood releases were investigated down a large stepped waterway initially dry. A new experimental technique was developed to obtain instantaneous void fractions, bubble count rates and velocities. Unsteady air-water flow properties were recorded with arrays of conductivi...