S U M M A R Y We develop and study an adjoint-based inversion method for the simultaneous recovery of initial temperature conditions and viscosity parameters in time-dependent mantle convection from the current mantle temperature and historic plate motion. Based on a realistic rheological model with temperature-dependent and strain-rate-dependent viscosity, we formulate the inversion as a PDE-c...

The mixture between two fluids of different salinity has been proven to capable of producing electricity in an ocean salinity energy conversion system known as hydrocratic generator. The system relies on the difference between the salinity of the incoming fresh water and the surrounding sea water in the generator. In this investigation, additional parameter is introduced which is the temperatur...

The viscosity of polydispersed graphene nanosheet (5 nm–1.5 lm) suspensions (GNS) and its behavior with temperature and concentration have been experimentally determined. A physical mechanism for the enhanced viscosity over the base fluids has been proposed for the polydispersed GNSs. Experimental data reveal that enhancement of viscosity for GNSs lies in between those of carbon nanotube suspen...

An artificial neural network (ANN) model is presented for the prediction of kinematic viscosity of binary mixtures of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) in water as a function of temperature, number-average molecular weight and mass fraction. Kinematic viscosities data of aqueous solutions for PEG (0.55419×10 – 9.875×10 m2/s) were obtained from the literature for a wide range of temperatures (277.15 ...

The most important property of a fluid is its viscosity, it determines the flow properties. If one simulates a fluid using a particle model, calculating the viscosity accurately is difficult because it is a collective property. In this article we describe a new method that has a better signal to noise ratio than existing methods. It is based on using periodic boundary conditions to simulate cou...