Configurations of points in the plane constrained by only directions or by lengths alone lead to equivalent theories known as parallel drawings and infinitesimal rigidity of plane frameworks. We combine these two theories by introducing a new matroid on the edge set of the complete graph with doubled edges to describe the combinatorial properties of direction–length designs.

PURPOSE The present investigation evaluated the relation between the dynamic properties of the bilateral condyle in habitual maximum opening and closing movement and the occlusal force balance with clenching force. METHODS Nine normal adults participated in this study. The translation of bilateral condyle and the rotation of intercondylar axis in habitual maximum opening and closing movement ...

In this paper we investigate and compare four aesthetic measures within the context of evolutionary art. We evolve visual art with an unsupervised evolutionary art system using genetic programming and an aesthetic measure as the fitness function. We perform multiple experiments with different aesthetic measures and examine their influence on the evolved images. To this end we store the 5 fittes...

Protein-protein interactions form large and complex networks. Their visualisation can aid biologists in gaining new insights about the processes in cells and is, therefore, very useful for building sophisticated research tools. Often standard force-directed graph drawing algorithms are used for the visualisation of these networks. However, currently available visual interfaces to biological dat...

It has been observed that many young children like making marks on paper and that they enjoy the activity. It is also known that children’s drawings are vehicles for expression and communication. Therefore, it would be logical and reasonable for teachers to incorporate children’s drawings into building science concepts. To demonstrate how drawings are utilized to help a child to acquire a scien...

Perceptual continuity is an important aspect of our experience of the visual world. In this study, we focus on an example of perceptual continuity involving the maintenance of figure-ground segregation despite the removal of binding cues that initiated the segregation. Fragmented line drawings of objects were superimposed on a background of randomly oriented lines. Global forms could be discrim...

Some young children are able to create stunningly realistic drawings resembling those of adult artists. What perceptual abilities underlie this talent? This study examined two candidate skills on which adult artists excel: the ability to segment a complex form mentally (measured by the Block Design Task) and the ability to see hidden forms (measured by the Group Embedded Figures Test). Sixty-se...

We describe an O(n) time algorithm for deciding whether a good drawing of the complete graph Kn, given in terms of its rotation system, can be re-drawn using only x-monotone arcs.

The automatic construction of good drawings of abstract graphs is a problem of practical importance. Displaying symmetry appears as one of the main criteria for achieving goodness. An expression is obtained for the maximum number of axial symmetries of a tree which can be simultaneously displayed in a single drawing, and an algorithm is presented for constructing such a maximally-symmetric draw...

We study drawings of graphs on the torus with crossings allowed. A question posed in [4], specialized to the case of the torus, asks, whether for every disconnected graph there is a drawing in the torus with the minimal number of crossings, such that one of the graphs is drawn in a planar disc. We reduce the problem to an interesting question from the geometry of numbers and solve a special case.