One of the extra-hepatic manifestations of hepatitis B virus is polyarteritis nodosa (PAN). It may involve medium- and small-sized arteries in any organ. Concurrency of these two diseases may be life threatening and both should be treated. Herein, we report on a patient with severe PAN and high hepatitis B virus load. The patient was an 18-year-old boy with multiple progressive wounds in the sk...

conclusions real-time pcr and elisa showed high levels of production of 1a/jfh1 chimeric hcv in the huh7.5 cell culture. the constructed virus can be used for future studies, including the development of new hcv drugs and vaccines. background the e2 glycoprotein is an important encoded hepatitis c virus (hcv) protein that contains three different variable regions. objectives the aim of the pres...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide evidence that HIV-1 RNA load can guide treatment-for-prevention interventions to mitigate the HIV epidemic. RECENT FINDINGS Some HIV-infected individuals maintain increased levels of HIV-1 RNA load after acute infection for an extended period of time, and can disproportionately contribute to the spread of HIV in the community. The recent HIV Prevention Trials Netw...

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) can multiply effectively in chick embryo kidney (CEK) cells after adapting to the chick embryo. To investigate the dynamic changes in IBV load in the supernatant of primary CEK cells, we developed an SYBR Green I-based real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to quantify nucleic copy numbers of the IBV-Sczy3 strain. The 20, 54, and 87th generations of CEK-adap...

aim : the aim of this study was to compare alternatives methods for analysis of zero inflated count data and compare them with simple count models that are used by researchers frequently for such zero inflated data. background : analysis of viral load and risk factors could predict likelihood of achieving sustain virological response (svr). this information is useful to protect a person from ac...

We evaluated the Abbott RealTime (ART) and Roche Cobas TaqMan Hepatitis C virus (HCV) viral load assays for quantification of HCV genotypes in patient specimens. The ART HCV assay was a more sensitive and precise tool for accurate HCV viral load quantification across the HCV genotypes tested, especially genotype 1b.

34 Recent phylogenetic analyses indicate that RNA virus populations carry a significant deleterious 35 mutation load. This mutation load has the potential to shape patterns of adaptive evolution via 36 genetic linkage to beneficial mutations. Here, we examine the effect of deleterious mutations on 37 patterns of influenza A subtype H3N2’s antigenic evolution in humans. By first analyzing simple...

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) provirus load was examined in a cohort of a population in Guinea-Bissau among whom human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2 is endemic. Geometric mean of HIV-2 RNA load among HTLV-I-coinfected subjects was significantly lower than that in subjects infected with HIV-2 alone (212 vs. 724 copies/mL; P=.02). Adjusted for age, sex, and HIV status, the risk...

Recent phylogenetic analyses indicate that RNA virus populations carry a significant deleterious mutation load. This mutation load has the potential to shape patterns of adaptive evolution via genetic linkage to beneficial mutations. Here, we examine the effect of deleterious mutations on patterns of influenza A subtype H3N2's antigenic evolution in humans. By first analyzing simple models of i...

This study evaluated 1433 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), 409 (28%) of whom had prior nucleoside experience and achieved an HIV load of <400 copies/mL by 24 weeks of therapy. Three hundred seven patients experienced virus rebound during a total of 2773.3 person-years of follow-up. There was a higher rate of virus reboun...