Carta, G. (Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.) and W. Firshein. Population changes in Diplococcus pneumoniae. J. Bacteriol. 84:473-477. 1962.-Avirulent mutant strains derived from pneumococcal types I, II, III, and VII established themselves in initially virulent or predominantly virulent populations within 36 to 48 hr of incubation at 37 C in Brain Heart Infusion-blood broth. Aged blood-br...

Legionella pneumophila, which is a causative pathogen of Legionnaires' disease, expresses its virulent traits in response to growth conditions. In particular, it is known to become virulent at a post-exponential phase in vitro culture. In this study, we performed a proteomic analysis of differences in expression between the exponential phase and post-exponential phase to identify candidates ass...

Ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) has antibacterial, antiviral, antiprotozoal and antifungal properties, in addition to many biological effects. Our laboratory has demonstrated a synergistic effect of EEP and antibiotics on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, and suggested that the bactericidal effect of EEP was expressed mainly on virulent mycobacteria rather than on non-virulent (attenuated)...

Viral drug resistance is believed to be less likely to occur if compounds are directed against cellular rather than viral proteins. In this study, we analyzed the feasibility of a crucial viral replication factor, namely, importin-α7, as a cellular drug target to combat pandemic influenza viruses. Surprisingly, only five viral lung-to-lung passages were required to achieve 100% lethality in imp...

Pectobacterium carotovurum subsp. brasiliense causes soft rot and blackleg diseases on potato. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of three weakly virulent P. carotovurum subsp. brasiliense strains isolated in Canada. Analysis of these genome sequences will help to pinpoint differences in virulence among P. carotovurum subsp. brasiliense strains from tropical/subtropical and temperate re...

Vaccination of mice with either Formalin-killed cells or cell extracts of a virulent strain and a weakly virulent strain of Vibrio vulnificus or with rabbit antisera (AS) against the Formalin-killed cells and cell extracts protected against the virulent strain of V. vulnificus. However, the virulent strain vaccines and AS elicited a significantly stronger immune response than the weakly virulen...

Francisella tularensis is one of the most virulent bacteria known and a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Category A select agent. It is able to infect a variety of animals and insects and can persist in the environment, thus Francisella spp. must be able to survive in diverse environmental niches. However, F. tularensis has a surprising dearth of sensory and regulatory factors. Recent...

The availability of Rahman, and the virulent HM-1:IMSS strain of E. histolytica, provides a powerful tool for identifying virulence factors of E. histolytica. Here we report an attempt to identify potential virulence factors of E. histolytica by comparing the transcriptome of E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS and E. histolytica Rahman. With phenotypically defined strains, we compared the transcriptome o...