conclusions despite rapidity, automation, accuracy, cost-effectiveness, high sensitivity, and high specificity of molecular techniques, each type of molecular technology has its own advantages and disadvantages. results various types of molecular biology tools can be used to detect and quantify viral genomic elements and analyze the sequences. these molecular assays are proper technologies for ...

Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver. The liver is just one of several organs that the viruses affect. There are several hepatitis viruses; they have been named types A, B, C, D, E and G. The most common types of viral hepatitis are HAV, HBV and HCV. The different hepatitis are transmitted by various routes such as Parenteral transmission, Sexual transmission, sporadic cases, Transmission ...

Viral hepatitis remains a global health challenge despite recent progress in the development of more effective therapies. Although virus-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses are essential for viral clearance, it remains largely unknown what regulates T cell-mediated viral clearance. Thus, a better understanding of the regulation of anti-viral T cell immunity would be critical for the design ...

With recent advances in molecular and genomic investigations, the impact of hepatitis B viral and host factors on the progression of chronic HBV infection has been explored. For viral factors, hepatitis B viral load is a strong predictor for liver disease progression. Hepatitis B viral kinetics appear to be important for successful anti-viral therapy. Serum HBsAg level serves as a complementary...

Acute pancreatitis complicating fulminant viral hepatitis has been well recognized; however, acute pancreatitis occurring in nonfulminant hepatitis is very rare. The case presented describes moderate pancreatitis in a young male, manifesting during the course of nonfulminant acute hepatitis E infection. The diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis E was confirmed by serology and reverse transcriptase...

Viral hepatitis is one of the major health concerns worldwide, particularly in Asian countries. Mongolia, which is located in northern Asia, between Russia and China, is confronting various infectious diseases, such as viral hepatitis and tuberculosis. As for healthy individuals in Mongolia, the reported prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 9 or 10% and the reported prevalence ...

An estimated 71 million people worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis C [1] and 257 million with hepatitis B [1–4]. Combined, hepatitis C and hepatitis B are estimated to cause 1.34 million deaths annually, and viral hepatitis is now the 7th leading cause of death globally, ahead of HIV and malaria [2, 3]. The burden of hepatitis B and C disease in 2013 was estimated at 38.7 million ...

Treatment of chronic hepatitis B remains a clinical challenge. Long-term viral suppression is a major goal of antiviral therapy to improve the clinical outcome of the patients. Antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B relies currently on immune modulators such as interferon alpha and its pegylated form, and viral polymerase inhibitors. Because of the slow kinetics of viral clearance and the s...

BACKGROUND The proportion of occupational infectious diseases (ID) in the total number of occupational diseases reported in the Slovak Republic (SR) and the Czech Republic (CR) was decreasing from 1973 to 2010. Our study presents a longitudinal analysis of the occurrence of occupational infectious diseases in the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic in the period from 1973-2010 with special f...