BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate whether mouth rinsing or ingesting carbohydrate (CHO) solutions impact on perceptual responses during exercise. METHODS Nine moderately trained male cyclists underwent a 90-min glycogen-reducing exercise, and consumed a low CHO meal, prior to completing an overnight fast. A 1-h cycle time trial was performed the following morning. Four trial...

1. A quantitative study of the growth of Clytia johnstoni is described. 2. The distance between hydranths is most commonly between 3 and 4 mm. The average internode lengths and their variability frequently differs not only between colonies but also between stolons of a single colony. The differences are therefore unlikely to be genetic ones. Occasionally much longer internodes occur (up to 8 mm...

Priming is one of the most common methods of improving seed quality. The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of hydroand osmopriming on the germination, vigour and hydrolytic enzymes (α-amylase, β-glucosidase, exopeptidase and lipases) activity of zinnia (Zinnia elegans Jacq.) seeds. Seeds of three cultivars: Jowita, Kirke and Orys, and Z. elegans fl.pl., a mixture of cultivars (Mix...

The breeding of wheat with greater early vigour has potential to increase water- and nutrient-use efficiency, as well as to improve weed competitiveness to raise crop yields profitably. Given that wheat is inherently conservative in its early growth, a sustained breeding effort was initiated to increase genetically seedling leaf area in developing novel high vigour germplasm. A recurrent select...

Nanotechnology is a novel and emerging approach that can be utilized in the agriculture sector for biotic abiotic stress management, disease detection, nutrient absorption. Various metal oxide nanoparticles such as zinc, titanium, silicon oxides were found to have positive effect on seed quality attributes various crops. Therefore, study was carried out chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with object...

Background: Accelerated ageing causes seeds to deteriorate that affect the seed quality of groundnut seeds. Seed deterioration will cause metabolic and chemical changes viz., lipid peroxidation autoxidation, leading loss membrane integrity enzyme activities. These are associated with reduced germination vigour. Methods: The cv. VRI 8 was subjected for accelerated at 40oC 100% RH upto 11 days ev...

In this work, 19 newly introduced and some traditional apricot cultivars were evaluated by 20 phenological agronomical traits fruit quality attributes. The results showed a wide variation in data, tree vigour (TCSA), productivity [yield per tree, cumulative yield (CY) efficiency (YE)], attributes such as stone weight, flesh/stone ratio, dimensions, size, shape index, soluble solids content (SSC...