Plantlets grown in conventional tissue culture systems usually encounter physiological and anatomical abnormalities including inability to photosynthesize, low chlorophyll content, open stomata, lack of a cuticle layer in the leaf, abnormal xylem parenchyma etc. Photoautotrophic and photomixotrophic systems could diminish these problems. The purpose of this study was to increase the chlorophyll...

An approach to deal with the phenomenon of maritime fuel smuggling is to control the quantity of fuel that is supplied to vessels. For the same reason, fuel is delivered to marine vessels in Iran in accordance with the ration defined by the National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company (NIOPDC). The ration is determined by a fuel consumption formula defined by the Food and Agriculture Orga...

Objective- This survey was accomplished to describe the hepatic artery and portal vein indices in healthy domestic cats by color Doppler ultrasonography technique. Design- Retrospective experimental study. Animals- Twenty domestic short hair (DSH) cats (10 males and 10 females). Procedures- Doppler indices of ...

In 1980, Furchgott and Zawadskil first showed that an intact endothelium must be present for acetylcholine to relax isolated vessels. This was subsequently found to be true for many other vasoactive substances.2-6 As a result of work from several laboratories, this response has been shown to occur because the endothelium releases a shortlived nonprostanoid compound or family of compounds collec...

THE CARDIOVASCULAR system serves the biologic organism as a transportation and mixing system. The demalnd by the organism for this service varies in different tissues and at different times while the volume of blood in the organism tends to remain constant. The cardiovascular system fulfills its function, therefore, by varying the rate and the distribution of blood flow. Blood vessels play a ma...

The Smaller Intracerebral Vessels • A pathological study of the smaller intracerebral arteries of 150 to 600 /A was made in 336 cases, ranging in age from 1 day to 96 years. The changes involved the media and adventitia in contradistinction to the large cerebral vessels which showed predominantly intimal changes. The degree of change in the smaller intracerebral arteries was age related but not...