We report results from a computational study of film cooling from cylindrical holes inclined at 35 degrees with respect to a flat surface using Large Eddy Simulations (LES). The hole length is L/d = 3.5, distance between the holes is P/d = 3, boundary layer above the flat surface is turbulent with Reθ = 938, density ratio = 0.95, velocity ratio = 0.5. All pertinent components of geometry, namel...

Pulmonary hypertension is an important factor that determines the prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Echocardiography is a noninvasive and useful bedside method for measurement of pulmonary artery pressure. However, this method is sometimes difficult because of the overinflated lungs in COPD patients. This study attempted to estimate pulmonary hypertension in CO...

The perceived angular velocity of an ellipse undergoing a constant rate of rotation will vary as its aspect ratio is changed. Specifically, a "fat" ellipse with a low aspect ratio will in general be perceived to rotate more slowly than a "thin" ellipse with a higher aspect ratio. Here we investigate this illusory underestimation of angular velocity in the domain where ellipses appear to be rota...

Skeletal muscles power a broad diversity of animal movements, despite only being able to produce high forces over a limited range of velocities. Pennate muscles use a range of gear ratios, the ratio of muscle shortening velocity to fiber shortening velocity, to partially circumvent these force-velocity constraints. Muscles operate with a high gear ratio at low forces; fibers rotate to greater a...

Aim: To find the frequency of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with diabetes on Doppler echocardiography by measuring their early to late diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E/A ratio) and deceleration time (DT) on Pulse Wave (PW) Doppler and E’ velocity on tissue volume imaging (TVI). Methods: A sample of 97 asymptomatic patients, male and female, was taken from Department of C...

OBJECTIVES To determine the differences in pupillary light reflex (PLR) between the acute and chronic phases of optic neuritis (ON) and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). METHODS The study included 30 patients with ON and 22 patients with NAION whose PLR were measured by a dynamic pupillometer (PLR-200; NeurOptics Inc., Irvine, USA). Age-matched controls included 58 heal...

Blood flow in the pulmonary artery was studied by Doppler colour flow mapping and cardiac catheterisation in 19 patients with a ductus arteriosus and different pulmonary artery pressures. In the four patients with normal pulmonary artery pressures colour Doppler flow mapping showed multicoloured wide and long systolic and diastolic jets in the pulmonary artery. In the 15 patients with raised pu...

Purpose: We performed the present study to determine whether the site of cardioembolic occlusion in the carotid axis could be identified by end-diastolic velocity measurements of the common carotid arteries. Summary of Report: Using duplex carotid ultrasonography, we measured the flow velocity in the common carotid arteries and calculated the side-to-side ratios of the end-diastolic velocity (E...

PURPOSE We performed the present study to determine whether the site of cardioembolic occlusion in the carotid axis could be identified by end-diastolic velocity measurements of the common carotid arteries. SUMMARY OF REPORT Using duplex carotid ultrasonography, we measured the flow velocity in the common carotid arteries and calculated the side-to-side ratios of the end-diastolic velocity (E...

Dispersion of Love waves is studied in a self-reinforced layer lying over an elastic non-homogeneous half space. The wave velocity equation is found to be in perfect agreement with the corresponding classical result when the anisotropic elastic parameters tend to zero. Dispersion curves for the shear wave velocity ratio and the effect of anisotropy and heterogeneity have been shown graphically....