A detailed description is given of the distribution of vasopressin-immunoreactive structures in the brain of intact adult male rats. By application of a modified immunocytochemical procedure, vasopressin-immunoreactive fibers were detected in many new areas. In adult male rats which were castrated 15 weeks before death, vasopressin-immunoreactive cell bodies had disappeared from the bed nucleus...

This study was designed to characterize the role of vasopressin in impaired pial artery dilation to activators of the ATP sensitive K (K ) and calcium sensitive K (K ) channel following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) in newborn pigs equipped with a closed ATP ca cranial window. Topical vasopressin was coadministered with the K and K channel agonists cromakalim and NS1619 in a ATP ca 1 conc...

Electrical stimulation of the fastigial nucleus in anesthetized, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated rats for 10 seconds (50 Hz) induced a stimulus-locked elevation of arterial pressure (the fastigial pressor response) and increased plasma vasopressin. Cervical spinal cord transection abolished the stimulus-locked fastigial pressor response and augmented the vasopressin response to a 10-fold...

On a daily basis, practising nephrologists evaluate hyponatremic or, on the opposite side, polyuric states using physio-pathological concepts related to central vasopressin secretion and water conservation by the kidneys. The purpose of this review is to highlight new basic and clinical developments describing the hypothalamic release and peripheral renal actions of the antidiuretic hormone, ar...

This study assessed the contributions of the sympathetic nervous system and arginine vasopressin to the onset of one-kidney, one-wrap (1K1W) renal hypertension in rats fed a high sodium diet. Two weeks before renal wrap or sham wrap, rats were given a high sodium diet and water ad libitum. At 3 days postwrap, resting mean arterial pressure (MAP) was significantly greater in renal-wrapped rats. ...

Vasopressin, a neurohypophyseal peptide hormone, is the endogenous agonist at V1a, V1b, and V2 receptors. The most important physiological function of vasopressin is the maintenance of water homeostasis through interaction with V2 receptors in the kidney. Vasopressin binds to V2 receptor and increases the number of aquaporin-2 at the apical plasma membrane of collecting duct principal cells. Th...

Vasopressin and oxytocin are the only hormones known to be secreted by the neurohypophysis in humans. Human vasopressin is called arginine vasopressin (AVP) to distinguish it from lysine vasopressin in pigs. It is also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which reflects its major physiologic action. These hormones are nonapeptides (nine amino acids) with similar primary structures but very differ...

postoperative vasoplegic syndrome (vs) is characterized by low systemic vascular resistance, normal or elevated cardiac output, and poor response to volume expansion. the incidence of vs after cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass is about 20%. sometimes, vs becomes refractory and initial treatments do not work, rendering treatment a great challenge. in this study, we describe a youn...

It has been previously demonstrated with freeze-fracture electron microscopy that vasopressin induces specific structural alterations of the luminal membrane of granular cells from toad urinary bladder in a dose-dependent fashion. These alterations consist of aggregated intramembranous particles and are observed both in the presence and absence of an osmotic gradient. We examined the effect of ...

To obtain data about peripheral concentrations of arginine vasopressin in head pain syndromes, the plasma arginine vasopressin secretory pattern in 12 adult male patients with cluster headache was evaluated. Blood samples for plasma arginine vasopressin and osmolality determinations were collected before, and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes during a cluster attack. Blood pressure was als...