Disentangling causal relationships between abstract concepts is the ‘holy grail’ of empirical social science. The enterprise is, however, stymied by the seemingly intractable limitations of observational studies which constitute the data source for the vast majority of social scientific research programmes. Without random allocation to ‘treatment’ and control groups, we are simply unable to dis...

one of the most traditional architecture and urban planning patterns is bazaar. the aim of this paper is studying social, economical and architectural features of traditional bazaars. the claim of this study is that they are significant relationship between social and economical values of bazaars with their architectural values. bazaar usually is located along the main routes of the city and ex...

Value literally means to assess the worth of something against something else. The importance ofthe assessment of this word in the economic areas in a few past years has led the recognition of urban values especiallyin their historical parts. It is hypothesis that recognition, assessment, and introducing the existing values in historicalcities have a direct relationship with the selection of th...

The paper identifies the role of culture in organization human economic activity, clarifies cultural context relationship between concepts ensuring existence and economics, study mechanism tools regulatory influence on process organizing activity during evolution historical forms development. methodology is dialectical, logical-historical, comparative institutional, complementary methods. scien...